树莓派基于opencv的颜色识别和二维码扫描
内容导读
互联网集市收集整理的这篇技术教程文章主要介绍了树莓派基于opencv的颜色识别和二维码扫描，小编现在分享给大家，供广大互联网技能从业者学习和参考。文章包含12209字，纯文字阅读大概需要18分钟。
内容图文
树莓派基于opencv的颜色识别和二维码扫描
本篇多数文字借鉴于博客园晓风小峰在实际操作的过程中做了自己的修改，并完善了代码逻辑和文件管理。
环境：
树莓派4b
Raspberry Pi OS with desktop 2021.1.11
亚博智能摄像头
摄像头操作
1、摄像头必须插入板子靠中间的排线接口，插好后摄像头板面不亮红灯（插入板子末端SD卡背面的排线接口，摄像头板面会亮红灯，且系统无法识别）
2、开启摄像头
sudo raspi-config
#进入Interfacing Options
#Enable Camera
sudo reboot
3、摄像头操作命令
raspistill #获取静态图片
raspistill -t 1000 -o image.jpg #延迟1秒钟拍摄名为image.jpg的照片
raspivid #获取视频信息
准备工作
安装依赖包：
#安装zbar(暂时不管中文支持的问题)
#方法一
sudo apt-get install python-zbar
python3
import zbar
#方法二
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/zbar/zbar/0.10/zbar-0.10.tar.gz
tar -zvxf zbar-0.10.tar.gz
sudo apt-get install python-gtk2-dev
sudo apt-get install libqt4-dev
cd zbar-0.10
./configure --without-imagemagick -disable-video -without-qt -without-gtk -without-x
make
python3
import zbar
#安装PIL和pillow
代码实现
文件逻辑：
调用逻辑：
颜色识别
1、颜色库
文件名：colorList.py
代码：
#colorList颜色库
import numpy as np
import collextions
def getColorList():
dict = collections.defaultdict(list)
#black
lower_black = np.array([0,0,0])
upper_black = np.array([180,255,46])
color_list_black = []
color_list_black.append(lower_black)
color_list_black.append(upper_black)
dict['black'] = color_list_black
#gray
lower_gray = np.array([0,0,46])
upper_gray = np.array([180,43,220])
color_list_gray = []
color_list_gray.append(lower_gray)
color_list_gray.append(upper_gray)
dict['gray'] = color_list_gray
#white
lower_white = np.array([0,0,221])
upper_white = np.array([190,30,255])
color_list_white = []
color_list_white.append(lower_white)
color_list_white.append(upper_white)
dict['white'] = color_list_white
#red
lower_red = np.array([156,43,46])
upper_red = np.array([180,255,255])
color_list_red = []
color_list_red.append(lower_red)
color_list_red.append(upper_red)
dict['red'] = color_list_red
#red2
lower_red2 = np.array([0,43,46])
upper_red2 = np.array([10,255,255])
color_list_red2 = []
color_list_red2.append(lower_red2)
color_list_red2.append(upper_red2)
dict['red2'] = color_list_red2
#orange
lower_orange = np.array([11,43,46])
upper_orange = np.array([25,255,255])
color_list_orange = []
color_list_orange.append(lower_orange)
color_list_orange.append(upper_orange)
dict['orange'] = color_list_orange
#yellow
lower_yellow = np.array([])
upper_yellow = np.array([])
color_list_yellow = []
color_list_yellow.append(lower_yellow)
color_list_yellow.append(upper_yellow)
dict['yellow'] = color_list_yellow
#green
lower_green = np.array([35,43,46])
upper_green = np.array([77,255,255])
color_list_green = []
color_list_green.append(lower_green)
color_list_green.append(upper_green)
dict['green'] = color_list_green
#cyan
lower_cyan = np.array([78,43,46])
upper_cyan = np.array([99,255,255])
color_list_cyan = []
color_list_cyan.append(lower_cyan)
color_list_cyan.append(upper_cyan)
dict['cyan'] = color_list_cyan
#blue
lower_blue = np.array([100,43,46])
upper_blue = np.array([124,255,255])
color_list_blue = []
color_list_blue.append(lower_blue)
color_list_blue.append(upper_blue)
dict['blue'] = color_list_blue
#purple
lower_purple = np.array([125,43,46])
upper_purple = np.array([155,255,255])
color_list_purple = []
color_list_purple.append(lower_purple)
color_list_purple.append(upper_purple)
dict['purple'] = color_list_purple
return dict
if __name__ == '__main__':
color_dict = getColorList()
print(color_dict)
num = len(color_dict)
print('num=',num)
for d in color_dict:
print('key=',d)
print('value=',color_dict[d][1])
2、识别
文件名：lry_color.py
代码：
#lry_color.py
import cv2
import colorList
def get_color(frame):
# print('go in get_color')
hsv = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
maxsum = 0
color = None
color_dict = colorList.getColorList()
for d in color_dict:
mask = cv2.inRange(hsv, color_dict[d][0], color_dict[d][1])
# cv2.imwrite(d + ".png", mask)
binary = cv2.threshold(mask, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)[1]
binary = cv2.dilate(binary, None, iterations=2)
# cv2.imwrite(d +"1.png", binary)
cnts = cv2.findContours(binary, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)[-2]
sum = 0
for c in cnts:
sum += cv2.contourArea(c)
# print("%s , %d" %(d, sum ))
if sum > maxsum:
maxsum = sum
color = d
return color
if __name__ == '__main__':
filename = "./images/takephoto2.jpg"
frame = cv2.imread(filename)
print(get_color(frame))
3、识别颜色时调用摄像头
文件名：lry_takep.py
代码：
#lry_takep.py
import cv2
import xf_color
import time
def videox_color():
vix = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
while True:
ret, tu = vix.read()
#cv2.imshow("take_photo", tu)
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.imwrite("./images/color.png", tu)
filename = cv2.imread("./images/color.png")
color = xf_color.get_color(filename)
if color == "red" or color == "red2":
print("red")
result = "1"
break
elif color == "green":
print("green")
result = "2"
break
elif color == "blue":
print("blue")
result = "3"
break
vix.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
return result
if __name__ == '__main__':
#time.sleep(20)
videox_color()
识别二维码
1、二维码识别
文件名：lry_scance.py
代码：
#lry_scance.py
import pyzbar.pyzbar as pyzbar
#import zbar
from PIL import Image, ImageEnhance
def scance():
image = "./images/photo.png"
img = Image.open(image)
# img = ImageEnhance.Brightness(img).enhance(2.0) # 增加亮度
#
# img = ImageEnhance.Sharpness(img).enhance(17.0) # 锐利化
#
img = ImageEnhance.Contrast(img).enhance(4.0) # 增加对比度
#
img = img.convert('L') # 灰度化
barcodes = pyzbar.decode(img)
for barcode in barcodes:
barcodeData = barcode.data.decode("utf-8")
return barcodeData
if __name__ == '__main__':
scance()
2、调用摄像头扫描二维码
文件名：lry_takezbar.py
代码‘：
#lry_takezbar.py
import cv2
import xf_scance
import time
def videox_qr():
vix = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
while True:
ret, tu = vix.read()
cv2.imshow("take_photo", tu)
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.imwrite("./images/photo.png", tu)
result = xf_scance.scance()
if result:
# print(result)
break
vix.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
return result
if __name__ == '__main__':
#time.sleep(30)
r = videox_qr()
print(r)
合成整理代码
文件名：whole_programe.py
代码：
#whole_programe.py
import os
import sys
import time
import logging
import spidev as SPI
sys.path.append("..")
from lib import LCD_2inch4
from PIL import Image,ImageDraw,ImageFont
import cv2
import xf_scance
import xf_color
import serial #导入serial库
#qrcode
def videox_qr():
vix = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
while True:
ret, tu = vix.read()
#cv2.imshow("take_photo", tu)
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.imwrite("./images/photo.png", tu)
result = xf_scance.scance()
if (result!=""):
#print(result)
break
vix.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
return result
# whole value
#qr_result = "121+121"
#up_order = "121"
#low_order = "131"
#print(up_order)
#print(low_order)
def qr_scan():
qr_result=videox_qr()
#print(qr_result)
up_order = qr_result[0:3]
low_order = qr_result[4:]
#print(up_order)
#print(low_order)
#print("split ok")
return up_order,low_order,qr_result
# screen
def screen():
# Raspberry Pi pin configuration:
RST = 27
DC = 25
BL = 18
bus = 0
device = 0
#logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
try:
# display with hardware SPI:
''' Warning!!!Don't creation of multiple displayer objects!!! '''
#disp = LCD_2inch4.LCD_2inch4(spi=SPI.SpiDev(bus, device),spi_freq=10000000,rst=RST,dc=DC,bl=BL)
disp = LCD_2inch4.LCD_2inch4()
# Initialize library.
disp.Init()
# Clear display.
disp.clear()
# Create blank image for drawing.
image1 = Image.new("RGB", (disp.width, disp.height ), "WHITE")
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image1)
#drawing txet
#logging.info("draw text")
Font1 = ImageFont.truetype("./Font/Font01.ttf",25)
Font2 = ImageFont.truetype("./Font/Font01.ttf",35)
Font3 = ImageFont.truetype("./Font/Font02.ttf",90)
text_1,text_2,qr_resulttext = qr_scan()
#text_1= u"123"
draw.text((20,0),text_1, fill = "BLACK",font=Font3)
#text_2= u"321"
draw.text((20,140),text_2, fill = "BLACK",font=Font3)
text_3= u"+"
draw.text((30,75),text_3, fill = "BLACK",font=Font3)
# image rotate
im_r=image1.rotate(180)
disp.ShowImage(im_r)
disp.module_exit()
except IOError as e:
logging.info(e)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
disp.module_exit()
logging.info("quit:")
exit()
# color
def videox_color():
vix = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
while True:
ret, tu = vix.read()
#cv2.imshow("take_photo", tu)
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.imwrite("./images/color.png", tu)
filename = cv2.imread("./images/color.png")
color = xf_color.get_color(filename)
if color == "red" or color == "red2":
#print("red")
result = "1" #
break
elif color == "green":
#print("green")
result = "2" #2
break
elif color == "blue":
#print("blue")
result = "3" #3
break
vix.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
return result
def order(color_result,color_order):
i= 0
result = color_order.index(color_result)
result = (result +1)
return result
# "321" --->> abcdef
def change_order(order):
result = '1'
if(order=="123"):
result = 'a'
elif(order=="132"):
result = 'b'
elif(order=="213"):
result = 'c'
elif(order=="231"):
result = 'd'
elif(order=="312"):
result = 'e'
elif(order=="321"):
result = 'f'
return result
# 123----> abc
def change_number(number):
result = '1'
if(number==1):
result = 'x'
elif(number==2):
result = 'y'
elif(number==3):
result = 'z'
return result
""""def getresp():
while 1:
resp = ser.readline().decode()#用response读取端口的返回值
if(resp!=""):
return resp"""
# color videox_color
# qrcode videox_qr
#up_order,low_order,qr_result = qr_scan()
#print(up_order)
#print(low_order)
# screen() # qr_code + screen
#time.sleep(20)
ser = serial.Serial('/dev/ttyACM0', 9600,timeout=1.5);
try:
screen()
#up_order,low_order,qr_result = qr_scan()
#screen()
#up_order = "213"
#low_order = "231"
#print("qr code&screen sending")
while 1:
send = '1'
#print("qr code sending")
ser.write(send.encode())#写s字符
#print("sending is ok ")
time.sleep(1)
response = ser.readline().decode()#用response读取端口的返回值
#print("geting response")
#print (response);#进行打印
if(response != ""):
#print(response)
if(response=="2\r\n"):
#print("gived up order")
#up_number = change(up_order)
#print("uporder change is ok")
# zhuanhuan wei abcdef
re_2 = change_order(up_order)
#
#ser.write(re_2.encode())
#print("gived up order",re_2)
#print(up_number)
break
"""
while 1:
ser.write(re_2.encode())
rep_2 = ser.readline().decode()
if(rep_2!= ""):
break
#rep_2 = getresp()
#print("2_order rep is ok")
#print(rep_2)
elif(response=="3\r\n"):
#print("gived low order")
#low_number = change(low_order)
#print("loworder change is ok")
re_3 = change_order(low_order)
#print("low order",low_order)
#ser.write(re_3.encode())
#print("gived low order",re_3)
#print(low_number)
#sleep.time(1)
while 1:
ser.write(re_3.encode())
#print("gived low order:",re_2)
#time.sleep(1)
rep_3 = ser.readline().decode()
if(rep_3!= ""):
#print("3_order rep is ok")
#print(rep_3)
break
elif(response=="4\r\n"):
#print("4_color")
color_result = videox_color()
#print("4_color is ok next color number")
color_number = order(color_result,up_order)
# 123----> abc
color_re4 = change_number(color_number)
#time.sleep(1)
#color_number = change(color_number)
##########################################################################################
#print("4_color number is ok:",color_re4)
ser.write(color_re4.encode())
#print("4_color number is sending ")
#ser.write(color_number.encode())
#time.sleep(1)
#rep_4 = ser.readline().decode()
while 1:
#time.sleep(2)
ser.write(color_re4.encode())
#print("geting rep_4")
rep_4 = ser.readline().decode()
if(rep_4!= ""):
#print("4_color response is ok")
#print(rep_4)
break
#print("4_color response is ok ")"""
"""elif(response=="5\r\n"):
#print("5_color")
color_result = videox_color()
#print("5_color is ok next color number")
color_number = order(color_result,low_order)
color_re5 = change_number(color_number)
# color_number = change(color_number)
#print("5_color number is ok:",color_re5)
#ser.write(color_re5.encode())
#print("5_color number response ")
#rep_5 = ser.readline().decode()
while 1:
ser.write(color_re5.encode())
#time.sleep(2)
rep_5 = ser.readline().decode()
if(rep_5!= ""):
#print("5_color response is ok")
#print(rep_5)
break"""
except:
print("error")
ser.close();#抛出异常后关闭端口
注：whole_program.py中包含 树莓派和arduino的串口通信内容，是小组内学长 @redflowe 改动过的程序。
内容总结
以上是互联网集市为您收集整理的树莓派基于opencv的颜色识别和二维码扫描全部内容，希望文章能够帮你解决树莓派基于opencv的颜色识别和二维码扫描所遇到的程序开发问题。 如果觉得互联网集市技术教程内容还不错，欢迎将互联网集市网站推荐给程序员好友。
内容备注
版权声明：本文内容由互联网用户自发贡献，该文观点与技术仅代表作者本人。本站仅提供信息存储空间服务，不拥有所有权，不承担相关法律责任。如发现本站有涉嫌侵权/违法违规的内容， 请发送邮件至 gblab@vip.qq.com 举报，一经查实，本站将立刻删除。
内容手机端
扫描二维码推送至手机访问。
来源：【匿名】