C#网络编程系列文章(五)之Socket实现异步UDP服务器
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本文作者：小竹zz 本文地址http://blog.csdn.net/zhujunxxxxx/article/details/44258719 转载请注明出处
本文介绍
在.Net中，System.Net.Sockets 命名空间为需要严密控制网络访问的开发人员提供了 Windows Sockets (Winsock) 接口的托管实现。System.Net 命名空间中的所有其他网络访问类都建立在该套接字Socket实现之上，如TCPClient、TCPListener 和 UDPClient 类封装有关创建到 Internet 的 TCP 和 UDP 连接的详细信息；NetworkStream类则提供用于网络访问的基础数据流等，常见的许多Internet服务都可以见到Socket的踪影，如Telnet、Http、Email、Echo等，这些服务尽管通讯协议Protocol的定义不同，但是其基础的传输都是采用的Socket。 其实，Socket可以象流Stream一样被视为一个数据通道，这个通道架设在应用程序端（客户端）和远程服务器端之间，而后，数据的读取（接收）和写入（发送）均针对这个通道来进行。可见，在应用程序端或者服务器端创建了Socket对象之后，就可以使用Send/SentTo方法将数据发送到连接的Socket,或者使用Receive/ReceiveFrom方法接收来自连接Socket的数据；
针对Socket编程，.NET 框架的 Socket 类是 Winsock32 API 提供的套接字服务的托管代码版本。其中为实现网络编程提供了大量的方法，大多数情况下，Socket 类方法只是将数据封送到它们的本机 Win32 副本中并处理任何必要的安全检查。如果你熟悉Winsock API函数，那么用Socket类编写网络程序会非常容易，当然，如果你不曾接触过，也不会太困难，跟随下面的解说，你会发觉使用Socket类开发windows 网络应用程序原来有规可寻，它们在大多数情况下遵循大致相同的步骤。
本节介绍使用Socket来实现一个高性能的异步UDP服务器，实际上UDP是不分客户机和服务器的，但是我们有的时候和服务器通讯就是使用UDP来进行的。
Socket异步UDP服务器
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
namespace NetFrame.Net.UDP.Sock.Asynchronous
{
/// <summary>
/// SOCKET实现异步UDP服务器
/// </summary>
public class AsyncSocketUDPServer
{
#region Fields
/// <summary>
/// 服务器程序允许的最大客户端连接数
/// </summary>
private int _maxClient;
/// <summary>
/// 当前的连接的客户端数
/// </summary>
//private int _clientCount;
/// <summary>
/// 服务器使用的同步socket
/// </summary>
private Socket _serverSock;
/// <summary>
/// 客户端会话列表
/// </summary>
//private List<AsyncUDPSocketState> _clients;
private bool disposed = false;
/// <summary>
/// 数据接受缓冲区
/// </summary>
private byte[] _recvBuffer;
#endregion
#region Properties
/// <summary>
/// 服务器是否正在运行
/// </summary>
public bool IsRunning { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 监听的IP地址
/// </summary>
public IPAddress Address { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 监听的端口
/// </summary>
public int Port { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 通信使用的编码
/// </summary>
public Encoding Encoding { get; set; }
#endregion
#region 构造函数
/// <summary>
/// 异步Socket UDP服务器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="listenPort">监听的端口</param>
public AsyncSocketUDPServer(int listenPort)
: this(IPAddress.Any, listenPort,1024)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 异步Socket UDP服务器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="localEP">监听的终结点</param>
public AsyncSocketUDPServer(IPEndPoint localEP)
: this(localEP.Address, localEP.Port,1024)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 异步Socket UDP服务器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="localIPAddress">监听的IP地址</param>
/// <param name="listenPort">监听的端口</param>
/// <param name="maxClient">最大客户端数量</param>
public AsyncSocketUDPServer(IPAddress localIPAddress, int listenPort, int maxClient)
{
this.Address = localIPAddress;
this.Port = listenPort;
this.Encoding = Encoding.Default;
_maxClient = maxClient;
//_clients = new List<AsyncUDPSocketState>();
_serverSock = new Socket(localIPAddress.AddressFamily, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
_recvBuffer=new byte[_serverSock.ReceiveBufferSize];
}
#endregion
#region Method
/// <summary>
/// 启动服务器
/// </summary>
/// <returns>异步TCP服务器</returns>
public void Start()
{
if (!IsRunning)
{
IsRunning = true;
_serverSock.Bind(new IPEndPoint(this.Address, this.Port));
//_serverSock.Connect(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0));
AsyncSocketUDPState so = new AsyncSocketUDPState();
so.workSocket = _serverSock;
_serverSock.BeginReceiveFrom(so.buffer, 0, so.buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None,
ref so.remote, new AsyncCallback(ReceiveDataAsync), null);
//EndPoint sender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
//_serverSock.BeginReceiveFrom(_recvBuffer, 0, _recvBuffer.Length, SocketFlags.None,
// ref sender, new AsyncCallback(ReceiveDataAsync), sender);
//BeginReceive 和 BeginReceiveFrom的区别是什么
/*_serverSock.BeginReceive(_recvBuffer, 0, _recvBuffer.Length, SocketFlags.None,
new AsyncCallback(ReceiveDataAsync), null);*/
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 停止服务器
/// </summary>
public void Stop()
{
if (IsRunning)
{
IsRunning = false;
_serverSock.Close();
//TODO 关闭对所有客户端的连接
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收数据的方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ar"></param>
private void ReceiveDataAsync(IAsyncResult ar)
{
AsyncSocketUDPState so = ar.AsyncState as AsyncSocketUDPState;
//EndPoint sender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
int len = -1;
try
{
len = _serverSock.EndReceiveFrom(ar, ref so.remote);
//len = _serverSock.EndReceiveFrom(ar, ref sender);
//EndReceiveFrom 和 EndReceive区别
//len = _serverSock.EndReceive(ar);
//TODO 处理数据
//触发数据收到事件
RaiseDataReceived(so);
}
catch (Exception)
{
//TODO 处理异常
RaiseOtherException(so);
}
finally
{
if (IsRunning && _serverSock != null)
_serverSock.BeginReceiveFrom(so.buffer, 0, so.buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None,
ref so.remote, new AsyncCallback(ReceiveDataAsync), so);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg"></param>
/// <param name="remote"></param>
public void Send(string msg,EndPoint remote)
{
byte[] data = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(msg);
try
{
RaisePrepareSend(null);
_serverSock.BeginSendTo(data, 0, data.Length, SocketFlags.None, remote, new AsyncCallback(SendDataEnd), _serverSock);
}
catch (Exception)
{
//TODO 异常处理
RaiseOtherException(null);
}
}
private void SendDataEnd(IAsyncResult ar)
{
((Socket)ar.AsyncState).EndSendTo(ar);
RaiseCompletedSend(null);
}
#endregion
#region 事件
/// <summary>
/// 接收到数据事件
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler<AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs> DataReceived;
private void RaiseDataReceived(AsyncSocketUDPState state)
{
if (DataReceived != null)
{
DataReceived(this, new AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs(state));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送数据前的事件
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler<AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs> PrepareSend;
/// <summary>
/// 触发发送数据前的事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="state"></param>
private void RaisePrepareSend(AsyncSocketUDPState state)
{
if (PrepareSend != null)
{
PrepareSend(this, new AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs(state));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 数据发送完毕事件
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler<AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs> CompletedSend;
/// <summary>
/// 触发数据发送完毕的事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="state"></param>
private void RaiseCompletedSend(AsyncSocketUDPState state)
{
if (CompletedSend != null)
{
CompletedSend(this, new AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs(state));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 网络错误事件
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler<AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs> NetError;
/// <summary>
/// 触发网络错误事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="state"></param>
private void RaiseNetError(AsyncSocketUDPState state)
{
if (NetError != null)
{
NetError(this, new AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs(state));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 异常事件
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler<AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs> OtherException;
/// <summary>
/// 触发异常事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="state"></param>
private void RaiseOtherException(AsyncSocketUDPState state, string descrip)
{
if (OtherException != null)
{
OtherException(this, new AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs(descrip, state));
}
}
private void RaiseOtherException(AsyncSocketUDPState state)
{
RaiseOtherException(state, "");
}
#endregion
#region Close
/// <summary>
/// 关闭一个与客户端之间的会话
/// </summary>
/// <param name="state">需要关闭的客户端会话对象</param>
public void Close(AsyncSocketUDPState state)
{
if (state != null)
{
//_clients.Remove(state);
//_clientCount--;
//TODO 触发关闭事件
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭所有的客户端会话,与所有的客户端连接会断开
/// </summary>
public void CloseAllClient()
{
//foreach (AsyncUDPSocketState client in _clients)
//{
// Close(client);
//}
//_clientCount = 0;
//_clients.Clear();
}
#endregion
#region 释放
/// <summary>
/// Performs application-defined tasks associated with freeing,
/// releasing, or resetting unmanaged resources.
/// </summary>
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
/// <summary>
/// Releases unmanaged and - optionally - managed resources
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing"><c>true</c> to release
/// both managed and unmanaged resources; <c>false</c>
/// to release only unmanaged resources.</param>
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!this.disposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
try
{
Stop();
if (_serverSock != null)
{
_serverSock = null;
}
}
catch (SocketException)
{
//TODO
RaiseOtherException(null);
}
}
disposed = true;
}
}
#endregion
}
}
会话封装类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
namespace NetFrame.Net.UDP.Sock.Asynchronous
{
public class AsyncSocketUDPState
{
// Client socket.
public Socket workSocket = null;
// Size of receive buffer.
public const int BufferSize = 1024;
// Receive buffer.
public byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
// Received data string.
public StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
public EndPoint remote = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
}
}
Socket异步UDP服务器事件参数类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace NetFrame.Net.UDP.Sock.Asynchronous
{
/// <summary>
/// SOCKET 异步UDP 事件类
/// </summary>
public class AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs : EventArgs
{
/// <summary>
/// 提示信息
/// </summary>
public string _msg;
/// <summary>
/// 客户端状态封装类
/// </summary>
public AsyncSocketUDPState _state;
/// <summary>
/// 是否已经处理过了
/// </summary>
public bool IsHandled { get; set; }
public AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs(string msg)
{
this._msg = msg;
IsHandled = false;
}
public AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs(AsyncSocketUDPState state)
{
this._state = state;
IsHandled = false;
}
public AsyncSocketUDPEventArgs(string msg, AsyncSocketUDPState state)
{
this._msg = msg;
this._state = state;
IsHandled = false;
}
}
}
本文作者：小竹zz 本文地址http://blog.csdn.net/zhujunxxxxx/article/details/44258719 转载请注明出处
原文：http://blog.csdn.net/zhujunxxxxx/article/details/44280959
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