selenium测试框架使用xml作为对象库
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之前已经写过一篇：
selenium测试框架篇，页面对象和元素对象的管理
上次使用的excel作为Locator对象管理，由于excel处理不够方便，有以下缺点：
- 不能实现分page 加载Locator对象
- 不能够实现Locator对象重名
- 文件比较大，读写速度没有xml快
所以，重新写了使用dom4j操作xml，使用xml管理Locator对象，能够有效解决以上问题
首先，定义Locator文件
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"
?>
<
map
>
<!--
locator of page map info
-->
<
page
pageName
="com.dbyl.libarary.pageAction.HomePage"
>
<!--
Locator lists
-->
<
locator
type
="ByXpath"
timeOut
="3"
value
="//div[@class=‘top-nav-profile‘]//img[@class=‘avatar‘]"
>profile</locator></page><!--locator of page map info --><page pageName="com.dbyl.libarary.pageAction.LoginPage"><!--Locator lists --><locator type="" timeOut="3" value="//input[@name=‘account‘ and not(@autocomplete)]">loginEmailInputBox</locator><locator type="ByXpath" timeOut="3" value="//button[@class=‘sign-button submit‘ and text()=‘登录‘]">loginButton</locator><locator type="ByXpath" timeOut="3" value="//div[@class=‘top-nav-profile‘]//img[@class=‘avatar‘]">profile</locator><locator type="ByXpath" timeOut="3" value="//input[@name=‘password‘ and @placeholder=‘密码‘]">loginPasswordInputBox</locator></page></map>
每一个Page对应一个真实的页面，而每一个page下的Locator对应一个真实的页面element
之前定义过的Locator类如下：
package
com.dbyl.libarary.utils;
/**
* This is for element library
*
*
@author
Young
*
*/
public
class
Locator {
private
String element;
private
int
waitSec;
/**
* create a enum variable for By
*
*
@author
Young
*
*/
public
enum
ByType {
xpath, id, linkText, name, className, cssSelector, partialLinkText, tagName
}
private
ByType byType;
public
Locator() {
}
/**
* defaut Locator ,use Xpath
*
*
@author
Young
*
@param
element
*/
public
Locator(String element) {
this.element = element;
this.waitSec = 3;
this.byType = ByType.xpath;
}
public Locator(String element, int waitSec) {
this.waitSec = waitSec;
this.element = element;
this.byType = ByType.xpath;
}
public Locator(String element, int waitSec, ByType byType) {
this.waitSec = waitSec;
this.element = element;
this.byType = byType;
}
public String getElement() {
return element;
}
publicint getWaitSec() {
return waitSec;
}
public ByType getBy() {
return byType;
}
publicvoid setBy(ByType byType) {
this.byType = byType;
}
}
每一个Locator对象包含3属性 ByType 、timeOut时间和相应的xpath、id......的value
接下来需要写一个wrapper
package
com.dbyl.libarary.utils;
import
java.io.File;
import
java.io.FileWriter;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.util.HashMap;
import
java.util.Iterator;
import
org.dom4j.Attribute;
import
org.dom4j.Document;
import
org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import
org.dom4j.Element;
import
org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import
org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import
org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import
com.dbyl.libarary.utils.Locator.ByType;
public
class
xmlUtils {
/**
*
@author
Young
*
@param
path
*
@param
pageName
*
@return
*
@throws
Exception
*/
public
static HashMap<String, Locator> readXMLDocument(String path,
String pageName) throws Exception {
System.out.print(pageName);
HashMap<String, Locator> locatorMap = new HashMap<String, Locator>();
locatorMap.clear();
File file = new File(path);
if (!file.exists()) {
thrownew IOException("Can‘t find " + path);
}
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = reader.read(file);
Element root = document.getRootElement();
for (Iterator<?> i = root.elementIterator(); i.hasNext();) {
Element page = (Element) i.next();
if (page.attribute(0).getValue().equalsIgnoreCase(pageName)) {
System.out.println("page Info is:" + pageName);
for (Iterator<?> l = page.elementIterator(); l.hasNext();) {
String type = null;
String timeOut = "3";
String value = null;
String locatorName = null;
Element locator = (Element) l.next();
for (Iterator<?> j = locator.attributeIterator(); j
.hasNext();) {
Attribute attribute = (Attribute) j.next();
if (attribute.getName().equals("type")) {
type = attribute.getValue();
System.out.println(">>>>type " + type);
} elseif (attribute.getName().equals("timeOut")) {
timeOut = attribute.getValue();
System.out.println(">>>>timeOut " + timeOut);
} else {
value = attribute.getValue();
System.out.println(">>>>value " + value);
}
}
Locator temp = new Locator(value,
Integer.parseInt(timeOut), getByType(type));
locatorName = locator.getText();
System.out.println("locator Name is " + locatorName);
locatorMap.put(locatorName, temp);
}
continue;
}
}
return locatorMap;
}
/**
* @param type
*/publicstatic ByType getByType(String type) {
ByType byType = ByType.xpath;
if (type == null || type.equalsIgnoreCase("xpath")) {
byType = ByType.xpath;
} elseif (type.equalsIgnoreCase("id")) {
byType = ByType.id;
} elseif (type.equalsIgnoreCase("linkText")) {
byType = ByType.linkText;
} elseif (type.equalsIgnoreCase("name")) {
byType = ByType.name;
} elseif (type.equalsIgnoreCase("className")) {
byType = ByType.className;
} elseif (type.equalsIgnoreCase("cssSelector")) {
byType = ByType.cssSelector;
} elseif (type.equalsIgnoreCase("partialLinkText")) {
byType = ByType.partialLinkText;
} elseif (type.equalsIgnoreCase("tagName")) {
byType = ByType.tagName;
}
return byType;
}
/**
* @author Young
* @throws IOException
*/publicstaticvoid writeXMLDocument() throws IOException {
OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter("output.xml"), format);
Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
Element root = document.addElement("map");
root.addComment("locator of page map info");
Element page = root.addElement("page").addAttribute("pageName",
"com.dbyl.libarary.pageAction.HomePage");
page.addComment("Locator lists");
page.addElement("locator").addAttribute("type", "ByName")
.addAttribute("timeOut", "3")
.addAttribute("value", "\\\\div[@name]").addText("loginButton");
page.addElement("locator").addAttribute("type", "ById")
.addAttribute("timeOut", "3")
.addAttribute("value", "\\\\div[@id]").addText("InputButton");
writer.write(document);
writer.close();
}
}
定义一个readXMLDocument 方法，返回一个hashMap用来和页面元素名字和Locator对象match起来，也算是一种关键字驱动.
传入的两个参数分别是library的路径和对应的page
那么怎么获取page的class路径？
可以通过反射机制获取：
locatorMap = xmlUtils.readXMLDocument(path, this.getClass().getCanonicalName());
这样每次只按照page对象去加载其页面的Locator对象，而不是一次性全部加载到内存
hashMap可以通过key去获取Locator，这样也是极好的，比之前二维数组全部遍历好多了
封装一个basePage去处理Locator对象
package
com.dbyl.libarary.utils;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.util.HashMap;
import
org.openqa.selenium.Alert;
import
org.openqa.selenium.By;
import
org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import
org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import
org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;
import
org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition;
import
org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;
import
org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
public
class
BasePage {
protected
WebDriver driver;
//
protected String[][] locatorMap;
HashMap<String, Locator> locatorMap;
String path = "C:/Users/Young/workspace/Demo/src/com/dbyl/libarary/pageAction/UILibrary.xml";
protected Log log = new Log(this.getClass());
protected BasePage(WebDriver driver) throws Exception {
this.driver = driver;
log.debug(this.getClass().getCanonicalName());
// locatorMap = ReadExcelUtil.getLocatorMap();
locatorMap = xmlUtils.readXMLDocument(path,
this.getClass().getCanonicalName());
}
protectedvoid type(Locator locator, String values) throws Exception {
WebElement e = findElement(driver, locator);
log.info("type value is: " + values);
e.sendKeys(values);
}
protectedvoid click(Locator locator) throws Exception {
WebElement e = findElement(driver, locator);
log.info("click button");
e.click();
}
protectedvoid select(Locator locator, String value) throws Exception {
WebElement e = findElement(driver, locator);
Select select = new Select(e);
try {
log.info("select by Value " + value);
select.selectByValue(value);
} catch (Exception notByValue) {
log.info("select by VisibleText " + value);
select.selectByVisibleText(value);
}
}
protectedvoid alertConfirm() {
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
try {
alert.accept();
} catch (Exception notFindAlert) {
throw notFindAlert;
}
}
protectedvoid alertDismiss() {
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
try {
alert.dismiss();
} catch (Exception notFindAlert) {
throw notFindAlert;
}
}
protected String getAlertText() {
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
try {
return alert.getText();
} catch (Exception notFindAlert) {
throw notFindAlert;
}
}
protectedvoid clickAndHold(Locator locator) throws IOException {
WebElement e = findElement(driver, locator);
Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
actions.clickAndHold(e).perform();
}
public WebDriver getDriver() {
return driver;
}
publicvoid setDriver(WebDriver driver) {
this.driver = driver;
}
public WebElement getElement(Locator locator) throws IOException {
return getElement(this.getDriver(), locator);
}
/**
* get by parameter
*
* @author Young
* @param driver
* @param locator
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/public WebElement getElement(WebDriver driver, Locator locator)
throws IOException {
locator = getLocator(locator.getElement());
WebElement e;
switch (locator.getBy()) {
case xpath:
log.debug("find element By xpath");
e = driver.findElement(By.xpath(locator.getElement()));
break;
case id:
log.debug("find element By id");
e = driver.findElement(By.id(locator.getElement()));
break;
case name:
log.debug("find element By name");
e = driver.findElement(By.name(locator.getElement()));
break;
case cssSelector:
log.debug("find element By cssSelector");
e = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(locator.getElement()));
break;
case className:
log.debug("find element By className");
e = driver.findElement(By.className(locator.getElement()));
break;
case tagName:
log.debug("find element By tagName");
e = driver.findElement(By.tagName(locator.getElement()));
break;
case linkText:
log.debug("find element By linkText");
e = driver.findElement(By.linkText(locator.getElement()));
break;
case partialLinkText:
log.debug("find element By partialLinkText");
e = driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(locator.getElement()));
break;
default:
e = driver.findElement(By.id(locator.getElement()));
}
return e;
}
publicboolean isElementPresent(WebDriver driver, Locator myLocator,
int timeOut) throws IOException {
final Locator locator = getLocator(myLocator.getElement());
boolean isPresent = false;
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);
isPresent = wait.until(new ExpectedCondition<WebElement>() {
@Override
public WebElement apply(WebDriver d) {
return findElement(d, locator);
}
}).isDisplayed();
return isPresent;
}
/**
* This Method for check isPresent Locator
*
* @param locator
* @param timeOut
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/publicboolean isElementPresent(Locator locator, int timeOut)
throws IOException {
return isElementPresent(driver, locator, timeOut);
}
/**
*
* @param driver
* @param locator
* @return*/public WebElement findElement(WebDriver driver, final Locator locator) {
WebElement element = (new WebDriverWait(driver, locator.getWaitSec()))
.until(new ExpectedCondition<WebElement>() {
@Override
public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {
try {
return getElement(driver, locator);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
log.error("can‘t find element "
+ locator.getElement());
returnnull;
}
}
});
return element;
}
/**
* @author Young
*
* @param locatorName
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/public Locator getLocator(String locatorName) throws IOException {
Locator locator;
// for (int i = 0; i < locatorMap.length; i++) {
// if (locatorMap[i][0].endsWith(locatorName)) {
// return locator = new Locator(locatorMap[i][1]);
// }
// }
// return locator = new Locator(locatorName);
locator = locatorMap.get(locatorName);
if (locator == null) {
locator = new Locator(locatorName);
}
return locator;
}
}
接下来就可以在pageAction使用，如果使用页面跳转，可以使用反射机制，封装一个PageFactory，根据传入的Page类class创建对象
PageFactory如下：
package
com.dbyl.libarary.utils;
import
java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import
org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
public
class
PageFactory {
public
synchronized
static Object getPage(Class<?> key,WebDriver d)
throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
String test = key.getCanonicalName();
System.out.println(test);
Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(test);
Object obj = null;
try {
Constructor<?> constructor = clazz.getConstructor(WebDriver.class);
obj = constructor.newInstance(d);
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();
}
return obj;
}
}
使用方法：
public
static
HomePage login(String email, String password)
throws
Exception {
loginPage = new LoginPage(getDriver());
loginPage.waitForPageLoad();
loginPage.typeEmailInputBox(email);
loginPage.typePasswordInputBox(password);
loginPage.clickOnLoginButton();
Assert.assertTrue(loginPage.isPrestentProfile(), "login failed");
return (HomePage) PageFactory.getPage(HomePage.class, getDriver());
}
这样，这个框架能够实现一些基本操作，下一步还需要实现失败重试截图，配合虚拟机
下载地址：https://github.com/tobecrazy/Demo
原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/tobecrazy/p/4799706.html
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