爬虫——Selenium与PhantomJS

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- conding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = ‘mayi‘

# 导入webdriver
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import time

# 调用环境变量指定的PhantomJS浏览器创建浏览器对象，executable_path：指定PhantomJS位置
driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path = r"D:\Program Files\phantomjs\bin\phantomjs")

# get()方法会一直等到页面被完全加载，然后才会继续程序
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com/")

# 获取页面名为wrapper的id标签的文本内容
data = driver.find_element_by_id("wrapper").text

# 打印获取的文本内容
print(data)

# 打印页面标题：百度一下，你就知道
print(driver.title)

# 生成当前页面快照并保存
driver.save_screenshot("baidu.jpg")

# 在百度搜索输入框中输入“蚂蚁”
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys("蚂蚁")

# 模拟点击“百度一下”按钮
driver.find_element_by_id("su").click()
# 等待2秒，让页面加载
time.sleep(2)

# 获取搜索后的页面快照
driver.save_screenshot("蚂蚁.jpg")

# 打印网页渲染后的源代码
# print(driver.page_source)

# 获取当前页面Cookie
print(driver.get_cookies())

# Ctrl + a 全选输入框内容
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, "a")

# Ctrl + x 剪切输入框内容
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, "x")

# 输入框重新输入内容
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys("python")

# 模拟Enter回车键
driver.find_element_by_id("su").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)

# 等待2秒，让页面加载
time.sleep(2)

# 清除输入框内容
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").clear()

# 获取新的快照
driver.save_screenshot("python.jpg")

# 获取当前url
print(driver.current_url)

# 关闭当前页面，如果只有一个页面，会关闭浏览器
driver.close()

# 关闭浏览器
driver.quit()

<input type="text" name="user-name" id="passwd-id" />

# 获取id标签值
element = driver.find_element_by_id("passwd-id")

# 获取name标签值
element = driver.find_element_by_name("user-name")

# 获取标签名值
element = driver.find_element_by_tag_name("input")

# 通过xpath来匹配
element = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@id=‘passwd-id‘]")

find_element_by_id
find_elements_by_name
find_elements_by_xpath
find_elements_by_link_text
find_elements_by_partial_link_text
find_elements_by_tag_name
find_elements_by_class_name
find_elements_by_css_selector

# 页面内容
<div id="coolestWidgetEvah">...</div>

# 实现
element = driver.find_element_by_id(coolestWidgetEvah")

# 页面内容
<input name="cheese" type="text"/>

# 实现
element = driver.find_element_by_name("cheese")

# 页面内容
<input type="text" name="example" />
<input type="text" name="other" />

# 实现
element = driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//input")

# 页面内容
<a href="http://www.google.com/search?q=cheese">cheese</a>

# 实现
element = driver.find_element_by_link_text("cheese")

# 页面内容
<a href="http://www.google.com/search?q=cheese">search for cheese</a>>

# 实现
element = driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text("cheese")

# 页面内容
<iframe src="..."></iframe>

# 实现
element = driver.find_element_by_tag_name("iframe")

# 页面内容
<div id="food"><span class="dairy">milk</span><span class="dairy aged">cheese</span></div>

# 实现
element = driver.find_elements_by_class_name("div")

# 页面内容
<div id="food"><span class="dairy">milk</span><span class="dairy aged">cheese</span></div>

# 实现
element = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector("#food span.dairy.aged")

#导入 ActionChains 类
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains

# 鼠标移动到 ac 位置
ac = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘element‘)
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(ac).perform()


# 在 ac 位置单击
ac = driver.find_element_by_xpath("elementA")
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(ac).click(ac).perform()

# 在 ac 位置双击
ac = driver.find_element_by_xpath("elementB")
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(ac).double_click(ac).perform()

# 在 ac 位置右击
ac = driver.find_element_by_xpath("elementC")
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(ac).context_click(ac).perform()

# 在 ac 位置左键单击hold住
ac = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘elementF‘)
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(ac).click_and_hold(ac).perform()

# 将 ac1 拖拽到 ac2 位置
ac1 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘elementD‘)
ac2 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘elementE‘)
ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop(ac1, ac2).perform()

<select id="status" class="form-control valid" onchange="" name="status">
    <option value=""></option>
    <option value="0">未审核</option>
    <option value="1">初审通过</option>
    <option value="2">复审通过</option>
    <option value="3">审核不通过</option>
</select>

# 导入 Select 类
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select

# 找到 name 的选项卡
select = Select(driver.find_element_by_name(‘status‘))

# 
select.select_by_index(1)
select.select_by_value("0")
select.select_by_visible_text("未审核")

alert = driver.switch_to_alert()

driver.switch_to.window("this is window name")

for handle in driver.window_handles:
    driver.switch_to_window(handle)

driver.forward()     #前进
driver.back()        # 后退

for cookie in driver.get_cookies():
    print("%s -> %s" % (cookie[‘name‘], cookie[‘value‘]))

# 通过Cookie名
driver.delete_cookie("CookieName")

# 删除所有
driver.delete_all_cookies()

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
# 等待10秒
driver.implicitly_wait(10) # seconds
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com/")
myDynamicElement = driver.find_element_by_id("myDynamicElement")

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
# WebDriverWait 库，负责循环等待
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
# expected_conditions 类，负责条件出发
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com/")
try:
    # 页面一直循环，直到 id="myDynamicElement" 出现
    element = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "myDynamicElement"))
    )
finally:
    driver.quit()

title_is
title_contains
presence_of_element_located
visibility_of_element_located
visibility_of
presence_of_all_elements_located
text_to_be_present_in_element
text_to_be_present_in_element_value
frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it
invisibility_of_element_located
element_to_be_clickable – it is Displayed and Enabled.
staleness_of
element_to_be_selected
element_located_to_be_selected
element_selection_state_to_be
element_located_selection_state_to_be
alert_is_present