让C# Excel导入导出,支持不同版本的Office
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问题:最近在项目中遇到,不同客户机安装不同Office版本,在导出Excel时,发生错误。
找不到Excel Com组件,错误信息如下。
未能加载文件或程序集“Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel, Version=12.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c”或它的某一个依赖项。系统找不到指定的文件。
解决方法:
1.引用高版本的的Excel.dll组件,最新版本14.0.0 防止客户安装高版本如Office不能导出。
(DLL组件可以兼容低版本,不能兼容高版本)
2.右键DLL属性,将引用的Excel.dll组件,嵌入互操作类型为True,这一步非常关键。
改成True后,生成时可能现有调用Excel的代码会报错,引用Microsoft.CSharp 命名空间,可以解决此问题。
3.引用Excel 14.0.0 DLL组件方法,vs2012 右键添加引用->程序集->扩展->Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel
Excel.dll http://files.cnblogs.com/files/ichk/Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.rar
其他方法:
1.使用NPOI.DLL开源组件,可以不安装Office软件,进行读写Excel文件。
NPIO.dll http://files.cnblogs.com/files/ichk/NPOI.rar
调用方法如下:
导出代码:
1 /// <summary> 2 /// DataTable导出到Excel的MemoryStream Export() 3 /// </summary> 4 /// <param name="dtSource"> DataTable数据源 </param> 5 /// <param name="strHeaderText"> Excel表头文本(例如:车辆列表) </param> 6 public static MemoryStream Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText) 7 { 8 HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); 9 ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(); 10 11#region 右击文件 属性信息 12 { 13 DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation(); 14 dsi.Company = "NPOI"; 15 workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi; 16 17 SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation(); 18 si.Author = "文件作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息 19 si.ApplicationName = "创建程序信息"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息 20 si.LastAuthor = "最后保存者信息"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息 21 si.Comments = "作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息 22 si.Title = "标题信息"; //填加xls文件标题信息 23 si.Subject = "主题信息";//填加文件主题信息 24 si.CreateDateTime = System.DateTime.Now; 25 workbook.SummaryInformation = si; 26 } 27#endregion 28 29 ICellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); 30 IDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat(); 31 dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd"); 32 33//取得列宽 34int[] arrColWidth = newint[dtSource.Columns.Count]; 35foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns) 36 { 37 arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length; 38 } 39for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++) 40 { 41for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++) 42 { 43int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length; 44if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j]) 45 { 46 arrColWidth[j] = intTemp; 47 } 48 } 49 } 50int rowIndex = 0; 51foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows) 52 { 53#region 新建表,填充表头,填充列头,样式 54if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0) 55 { 56if (rowIndex != 0) 57 { 58 sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(); 59 } 60 61#region 表头及样式 62 { 63 IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0); 64 headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25; 65 headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText); 66 67 ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); 68 headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER; 69 IFont font = workbook.CreateFont(); 70 font.FontHeightInPoints = 20; 71 font.Boldweight = 700; 72 headStyle.SetFont(font); 73 headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle; 74 sheet.AddMergedRegion(new NPOI.SS.Util.CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1)); 75 } 76#endregion 77 78#region 列头及样式 79 { 80 IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1); 81 ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); 82 headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER; 83 IFont font = workbook.CreateFont(); 84 font.FontHeightInPoints = 10; 85 font.Boldweight = 700; 86 headStyle.SetFont(font); 87foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) 88 { 89 headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName); 90 headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle; 91 92//设置列宽 93 sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256); 94 } 95 } 96#endregion 97 98 rowIndex = 2; 99 } 100#endregion101102#region 填充内容 103 IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex); 104foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) 105 { 106 ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal); 107108string drValue = row[column].ToString(); 109110switch (column.DataType.ToString()) 111 { 112case"System.String"://字符串类型113 newCell.SetCellValue(drValue); 114break; 115case"System.DateTime"://日期类型116 System.DateTime dateV; 117 System.DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV); 118 newCell.SetCellValue(dateV); 119120 newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化显示121break; 122case"System.Boolean"://布尔型123bool boolV = false; 124bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV); 125 newCell.SetCellValue(boolV); 126break; 127case"System.Int16"://整型128case"System.Int32": 129case"System.Int64": 130case"System.Byte": 131int intV = 0; 132int.TryParse(drValue, out intV); 133 newCell.SetCellValue(intV); 134break; 135case"System.Decimal"://浮点型136case"System.Double": 137double doubV = 0; 138double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV); 139 newCell.SetCellValue(doubV); 140break; 141case"System.DBNull"://空值处理142 newCell.SetCellValue(""); 143break; 144default: 145 newCell.SetCellValue(""); 146break; 147 } 148 } 149#endregion150151 rowIndex++; 152 } 153using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) 154 { 155 workbook.Write(ms); 156 ms.Flush(); 157 ms.Position = 0; 158 sheet.Dispose(); 159return ms; 160 } 161 }
导入代码:
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 读取excel ,默认第一行为标头 3 /// </summary> 4 /// <param name="strFileName"> excel文档路径 </param> 5 /// <returns></returns> 6 public static DataTable Import(string strFileName) 7 { 8 DataTable dt = new DataTable(); 910 HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook; 11using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) 12 { 13 hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file); 14 } 15 ISheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(0); 16 System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator(); 1718 IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0); 19int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum; 2021for (int j = 0; j < cellCount; j++) 22 { 23 ICell cell = headerRow.GetCell(j); 24 dt.Columns.Add(cell.ToString()); 25 } 2627for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++) 28 { 29 IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i); 30 DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow(); 3132for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++) 33 { 34if (row.GetCell(j) != null) 35 dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString(); 36 } 3738 dt.Rows.Add(dataRow); 39 } 40return dt; 41 }
2.使用C#发射方式调用Excel进行,不需要引用Excel.dll组件。此种方法不建议,太麻烦,也需要安装Office。
调用方法如下:
1 private void Export2Excel(DataGridView datagridview, bool captions) 2 { 3object objApp_Late; 4object objBook_Late; 5object objBooks_Late; 6object objSheets_Late; 7object objSheet_Late; 8object objRange_Late; 9object[] Parameters; 10 11string[] headers = newstring[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)]; 12string[] columns = newstring[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)]; 13string[] colName = newstring[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)]; 14 15int i = 0; 16int c = 0; 17int m = 0; 18 19for (c = 0; c < datagridview.Columns.Count; c++) 20 { 21for (int j = 0; j < datagridview.Columns.Count; j++) 22 { 23 DataGridViewColumn tmpcol = datagridview.Columns[j]; 24if (tmpcol.DisplayIndex == c) 25 { 26if (tmpcol.Visible) //不显示的隐藏列初始化为tag=0 27 { 28 headers[c - m] = tmpcol.HeaderText; 29 i = c - m + 65; 30 columns[c - m] = Convert.ToString((char)i); 31 colName[c - m] = tmpcol.Name; 32 } 33else 34 { 35 m++; 36 } 37break; 38 } 39 } 40 } 41 42try 43 { 44// Get the class type and instantiate Excel. 45 Type objClassType; 46 objClassType = Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application"); 47 objApp_Late = Activator.CreateInstance(objClassType); 48//Get the workbooks collection. 49 objBooks_Late = objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Workbooks", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objApp_Late, null); 50//Add a new workbook. 51 objBook_Late = objBooks_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Add", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, objBooks_Late, null); 52//Get the worksheets collection. 53 objSheets_Late = objBook_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Worksheets", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objBook_Late, null); 54//Get the first worksheet. 55 Parameters = new Object[1]; 56 Parameters[0] = 1; 57 objSheet_Late = objSheets_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Item", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheets_Late, Parameters); 58 59if (captions) 60 { 61// Create the headers in the first row of the sheet 62for (c = 0; c < datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true); c++) 63 { 64//Get a range object that contains cell. 65 Parameters = new Object[2]; 66 Parameters[0] = columns[c] + "1"; 67 Parameters[1] = Missing.Value; 68 objRange_Late = objSheet_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Range", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheet_Late, Parameters); 69//Write Headers in cell. 70 Parameters = new Object[1]; 71 Parameters[0] = headers[c]; 72 objRange_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Value", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, objRange_Late, Parameters); 73 } 74 } 75 76// Now add the data from the grid to the sheet starting in row 2 77for (i = 0; i < datagridview.RowCount; i++) 78 { 79 c = 0; 80foreach (string txtCol in colName) 81 { 82 DataGridViewColumn col = datagridview.Columns[txtCol]; 83if (col.Visible) 84 { 85//Get a range object that contains cell. 86 Parameters = new Object[2]; 87 Parameters[0] = columns[c] + Convert.ToString(i + 2); 88 Parameters[1] = Missing.Value; 89 objRange_Late = objSheet_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Range", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheet_Late, Parameters); 90//Write Headers in cell. 91 Parameters = new Object[1]; 92//Parameters[0] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[headers[c]].Value.ToString(); 93 Parameters[0] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[col.Name].Value.ToString(); 94 objRange_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Value", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, objRange_Late, Parameters); 95 c++; 96 } 97 98 } 99 } 100101//Return control of Excel to the user.102 Parameters = new Object[1]; 103 Parameters[0] = true; 104 objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Visible", BindingFlags.SetProperty, 105null, objApp_Late, Parameters); 106 objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("UserControl", BindingFlags.SetProperty, 107null, objApp_Late, Parameters); 108 } 109catch (Exception theException) 110 { 111 String errorMessage; 112 errorMessage = "Error: "; 113 errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, theException.Message); 114 errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, " Line: "); 115 errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, theException.Source); 116117 MessageBox.Show(errorMessage, "Error"); 118 } 119 }
System.Type ExcelType = System.Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application"); Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application obj = Activator.CreateInstance(ExcelType) as Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application;
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/ichk/p/5811692.html
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