辛星解读laravel源代码第一篇即Database的实现流程
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经过一天左右的努力，终于把laravel的源代码整合到了yaf框架上面，下面说一下laravel的db层的一些处理吧，我使用的是laravel5.1.4，下面是database所在的位置：laravel5.1.4/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database ，这个路径就是它的文件地址目录。 我们来到Database文件夹后，会看到一些目录，这里简单介绍下它们的作用：
Connectors----用于连接 、 Console-----用于命令行 、 Eloquent-----用于ORM
Migrantions----用于迁移、 Query-------用于查询、 Schema--------用于操作数据库结构
该目录下还有一些其他的文件，都是一些比较通用的文件和接口性质的东西，当然也有一些和MySQL以及Postgresql息息相关的东西，这里就不一一介绍啦。
然后我们进入Query目录，发现它有两个目录和三个文件，其中Builder.php是具体的命令，比如我们常用的transaction、get、lists都是在这个文件中定义的，而Expression.php则是具体的表达式，而JoinClause.php则是和连接相关的操作，主要处理连接里面具体的每个小环节的操作。一般来说，这里面最大的就是Builder.php，它有52KB，它是负责接收用户传递过来的数据的，我们的命令也就写在这个接口里面。
而Grammars文件夹则是根据用户的输入来进行编译，也就是它里面的函数多是以compile开头，而且多数是compileInsert这种形式，因为在它的源代码中我们经常会发现它的构造中是compile加上action的ucfirst操作之后的字符串拼接得到。而在Grammars里面又会有Grammar.php和MySqlGrammar.php等和具体的数据库相关的文件。
而在Connection.php中引用它们的时候，它是不知道我们使用了哪个数据库的，因此laravel给我们提供的解决办法是，我不管你使用的是哪个具体的Grammar，我只知道，你给我用的时候，必须是QueryGrammar。由于我们的业务中都是使用的MySQL，因此我们可以写一个QueryGrammar来继承自MySQLGrammar，当然，不这样做也是可以的。
其中绝大多数都是在Builder和Grammar中跳转，还有少数是需要Processor的，一般都是这样，很多具体的细节就不废话了。下面把Builder.php的代码贴上来把：
<?phpnamespace Illuminate\Database\Query;use Closure;use BadMethodCallException;use Illuminate\Support\Arr;use Illuminate\Support\Str;use InvalidArgumentException;use Illuminate\Support\Collection;use Illuminate\Pagination\Paginator;use Illuminate\Contracts\Support\Arrayable;use Illuminate\Database\ConnectionInterface;use Illuminate\Database\Query\Grammars\Grammar;use Illuminate\Pagination\LengthAwarePaginator;use Illuminate\Database\Query\Processors\Processor;class Builder{ /** * The database connection instance. * * @var \Illuminate\Database\Connection */ protected $connection; /** * The database query grammar instance. * * @var \Illuminate\Database\Query\Grammars\Grammar */ protected $grammar; /** * The database query post processor instance. * * @var \Illuminate\Database\Query\Processors\Processor */ protected $processor; /** * The current query value bindings. * * @var array */ protected $bindings = [ 'select' => [], 'join' => [], 'where' => [], 'having' => [], 'order' => [], ]; /** * An aggregate function and column to be run. * * @var array */ public $aggregate; /** * The columns that should be returned. * * @var array */ public $columns; /** * Indicates if the query returns distinct results. * * @var bool */ public $distinct = false; /** * The table which the query is targeting. * * @var string */ public $from; /** * The table joins for the query. * * @var array */ public $joins; /** * The where constraints for the query. * * @var array */ public $wheres; /** * The groupings for the query. * * @var array */ public $groups; /** * The having constraints for the query. * * @var array */ public $havings; /** * The orderings for the query. * * @var array */ public $orders; /** * The maximum number of records to return. * * @var int */ public $limit; /** * The number of records to skip. * * @var int */ public $offset; /** * The query union statements. * * @var array */ public $unions; /** * The maximum number of union records to return. * * @var int */ public $unionLimit; /** * The number of union records to skip. * * @var int */ public $unionOffset; /** * The orderings for the union query. * * @var array */ public $unionOrders; /** * Indicates whether row locking is being used. * * @var string|bool */ public $lock; /** * The field backups currently in use. * * @var array */ protected $backups = []; /** * All of the available clause operators. * * @var array */ protected $operators = [ '=', '<', '>', '<=', '>=', '<>', '!=', 'like', 'like binary', 'not like', 'between', 'ilike', '&', '|', '^', '<<', '>>', 'rlike', 'regexp', 'not regexp', '~', '~*', '!~', '!~*', 'similar to', 'not similar to', ]; /** * Whether use write pdo for select. * * @var bool */ protected $useWritePdo = false; /** * Create a new query builder instance. * * @param \Illuminate\Database\ConnectionInterface $connection * @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Grammars\Grammar $grammar * @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Processors\Processor $processor * @return void */ public function __construct(ConnectionInterface $connection, Grammar $grammar, Processor $processor) { $this->grammar = $grammar; $this->processor = $processor; $this->connection = $connection; } /** * Set the columns to be selected. * * @param array $columns * @return $this */ public function select($columns = ['*']) { $this->columns = is_array($columns) ? $columns : func_get_args(); return $this; } /** * Add a new "raw" select expression to the query. * * @param string $expression * @param array $bindings * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function selectRaw($expression, array $bindings = []) { $this->addSelect(new Expression($expression)); if ($bindings) { $this->addBinding($bindings, 'select'); } return $this; } /** * Add a subselect expression to the query. * * @param \Closure|\Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|string $query * @param string $as * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function selectSub($query, $as) { if ($query instanceof Closure) { $callback = $query; $callback($query = $this->newQuery()); } if ($query instanceof self) { $bindings = $query->getBindings(); $query = $query->toSql(); } elseif (is_string($query)) { $bindings = []; } else { throw new InvalidArgumentException; } return $this->selectRaw('('.$query.') as '.$this->grammar->wrap($as), $bindings); } /** * Add a new select column to the query. * * @param mixed $column * @return $this */ public function addSelect($column) { $column = is_array($column) ? $column : func_get_args(); $this->columns = array_merge((array) $this->columns, $column); return $this; } /** * Force the query to only return distinct results. * * @return $this */ public function distinct() { $this->distinct = true; return $this; } /** * Set the table which the query is targeting. * * @param string $table * @return $this */ public function from($table) { $this->from = $table; return $this; } /** * Add a join clause to the query. * * @param string $table * @param string $one * @param string $operator * @param string $two * @param string $type * @param bool $where * @return $this */ public function join($table, $one, $operator = null, $two = null, $type = 'inner', $where = false) { // If the first "column" of the join is really a Closure instance the developer // is trying to build a join with a complex "on" clause containing more than // one condition, so we'll add the join and call a Closure with the query. if ($one instanceof Closure) { $this->joins[] = new JoinClause($type, $table); call_user_func($one, end($this->joins)); } // If the column is simply a string, we can assume the join simply has a basic // "on" clause with a single condition. So we will just build the join with // this simple join clauses attached to it. There is not a join callback. else { $join = new JoinClause($type, $table); $this->joins[] = $join->on( $one, $operator, $two, 'and', $where ); } return $this; } /** * Add a "join where" clause to the query. * * @param string $table * @param string $one * @param string $operator * @param string $two * @param string $type * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function joinWhere($table, $one, $operator, $two, $type = 'inner') { return $this->join($table, $one, $operator, $two, $type, true); } /** * Add a left join to the query. * * @param string $table * @param string $first * @param string $operator * @param string $second * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function leftJoin($table, $first, $operator = null, $second = null) { return $this->join($table, $first, $operator, $second, 'left'); } /** * Add a "join where" clause to the query. * * @param string $table * @param string $one * @param string $operator * @param string $two * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function leftJoinWhere($table, $one, $operator, $two) { return $this->joinWhere($table, $one, $operator, $two, 'left'); } /** * Add a right join to the query. * * @param string $table * @param string $first * @param string $operator * @param string $second * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function rightJoin($table, $first, $operator = null, $second = null) { return $this->join($table, $first, $operator, $second, 'right'); } /** * Add a "right join where" clause to the query. * * @param string $table * @param string $one * @param string $operator * @param string $two * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function rightJoinWhere($table, $one, $operator, $two) { return $this->joinWhere($table, $one, $operator, $two, 'right'); } /** * Add a basic where clause to the query. * * @param string|array|\Closure $column * @param string $operator * @param mixed $value * @param string $boolean * @return $this * * @throws \InvalidArgumentException */ public function where($column, $operator = null, $value = null, $boolean = 'and') { // If the column is an array, we will assume it is an array of key-value pairs // and can add them each as a where clause. We will maintain the boolean we // received when the method was called and pass it into the nested where. if (is_array($column)) { return $this->whereNested(function ($query) use ($column) { foreach ($column as $key => $value) { $query->where($key, '=', $value); } }, $boolean); } // Here we will make some assumptions about the operator. If only 2 values are // passed to the method, we will assume that the operator is an equals sign // and keep going. Otherwise, we'll require the operator to be passed in. if (func_num_args() == 2) { list($value, $operator) = [$operator, '=']; } elseif ($this->invalidOperatorAndValue($operator, $value)) { throw new InvalidArgumentException('Illegal operator and value combination.'); } // If the columns is actually a Closure instance, we will assume the developer // wants to begin a nested where statement which is wrapped in parenthesis. // We'll add that Closure to the query then return back out immediately. if ($column instanceof Closure) { return $this->whereNested($column, $boolean); } // If the given operator is not found in the list of valid operators we will // assume that the developer is just short-cutting the '=' operators and // we will set the operators to '=' and set the values appropriately. if (!in_array(strtolower($operator), $this->operators, true)) { list($value, $operator) = [$operator, '=']; } // If the value is a Closure, it means the developer is performing an entire // sub-select within the query and we will need to compile the sub-select // within the where clause to get the appropriate query record results. if ($value instanceof Closure) { return $this->whereSub($column, $operator, $value, $boolean); } // If the value is "null", we will just assume the developer wants to add a // where null clause to the query. So, we will allow a short-cut here to // that method for convenience so the developer doesn't have to check. if (is_null($value)) { return $this->whereNull($column, $boolean, $operator != '='); } // Now that we are working with just a simple query we can put the elements // in our array and add the query binding to our array of bindings that // will be bound to each SQL statements when it is finally executed. $type = 'Basic'; $this->wheres[] = compact('type', 'column', 'operator', 'value', 'boolean'); if (!$value instanceof Expression) { $this->addBinding($value, 'where'); } return $this; } /** * Add an "or where" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @param string $operator * @param mixed $value * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orWhere($column, $operator = null, $value = null) { return $this->where($column, $operator, $value, 'or'); } /** * Determine if the given operator and value combination is legal. * * @param string $operator * @param mixed $value * @return bool */ protected function invalidOperatorAndValue($operator, $value) { $isOperator = in_array($operator, $this->operators); return $isOperator && $operator != '=' && is_null($value); } /** * Add a raw where clause to the query. * * @param string $sql * @param array $bindings * @param string $boolean * @return $this */ public function whereRaw($sql, array $bindings = [], $boolean = 'and') { $type = 'raw'; $this->wheres[] = compact('type', 'sql', 'boolean'); $this->addBinding($bindings, 'where'); return $this; } /** * Add a raw or where clause to the query. * * @param string $sql * @param array $bindings * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orWhereRaw($sql, array $bindings = []) { return $this->whereRaw($sql, $bindings, 'or'); } /** * Add a where between statement to the query. * * @param string $column * @param array $values * @param string $boolean * @param bool $not * @return $this */ public function whereBetween($column, array $values, $boolean = 'and', $not = false) { $type = 'between'; $this->wheres[] = compact('column', 'type', 'boolean', 'not'); $this->addBinding($values, 'where'); return $this; } /** * Add an or where between statement to the query. * * @param string $column * @param array $values * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orWhereBetween($column, array $values) { return $this->whereBetween($column, $values, 'or'); } /** * Add a where not between statement to the query. * * @param string $column * @param array $values * @param string $boolean * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function whereNotBetween($column, array $values, $boolean = 'and') { return $this->whereBetween($column, $values, $boolean, true); } /** * Add an or where not between statement to the query. * * @param string $column * @param array $values * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orWhereNotBetween($column, array $values) { return $this->whereNotBetween($column, $values, 'or'); } /** * Add a nested where statement to the query. * * @param \Closure $callback * @param string $boolean * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function whereNested(Closure $callback, $boolean = 'and') { // To handle nested queries we'll actually create a brand new query instance // and pass it off to the Closure that we have. The Closure can simply do // do whatever it wants to a query then we will store it for compiling. $query = $this->newQuery(); $query->from($this->from); call_user_func($callback, $query); return $this->addNestedWhereQuery($query, $boolean); } /** * Add another query builder as a nested where to the query builder. * * @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static $query * @param string $boolean * @return $this */ public function addNestedWhereQuery($query, $boolean = 'and') { if (count($query->wheres)) { $type = 'Nested'; $this->wheres[] = compact('type', 'query', 'boolean'); $this->mergeBindings($query); } return $this; } /** * Add a full sub-select to the query. * * @param string $column * @param string $operator * @param \Closure $callback * @param string $boolean * @return $this */ protected function whereSub($column, $operator, Closure $callback, $boolean) { $type = 'Sub'; $query = $this->newQuery(); // Once we have the query instance we can simply execute it so it can add all // of the sub-select's conditions to itself, and then we can cache it off // in the array of where clauses for the "main" parent query instance. call_user_func($callback, $query); $this->wheres[] = compact('type', 'column', 'operator', 'query', 'boolean'); $this->mergeBindings($query); return $this; } /** * Add an exists clause to the query. * * @param \Closure $callback * @param string $boolean * @param bool $not * @return $this */ public function whereExists(Closure $callback, $boolean = 'and', $not = false) { $type = $not ? 'NotExists' : 'Exists'; $query = $this->newQuery(); // Similar to the sub-select clause, we will create a new query instance so // the developer may cleanly specify the entire exists query and we will // compile the whole thing in the grammar and insert it into the SQL. call_user_func($callback, $query); $this->wheres[] = compact('type', 'operator', 'query', 'boolean'); $this->mergeBindings($query); return $this; } /** * Add an or exists clause to the query. * * @param \Closure $callback * @param bool $not * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orWhereExists(Closure $callback, $not = false) { return $this->whereExists($callback, 'or', $not); } /** * Add a where not exists clause to the query. * * @param \Closure $callback * @param string $boolean * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function whereNotExists(Closure $callback, $boolean = 'and') { return $this->whereExists($callback, $boolean, true); } /** * Add a where not exists clause to the query. * * @param \Closure $callback * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orWhereNotExists(Closure $callback) { return $this->orWhereExists($callback, true); } /** * Add a "where in" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @param mixed $values * @param string $boolean * @param bool $not * @return $this */ public function whereIn($column, $values, $boolean = 'and', $not = false) { $type = $not ? 'NotIn' : 'In'; // If the value of the where in clause is actually a Closure, we will assume that // the developer is using a full sub-select for this "in" statement, and will // execute those Closures, then we can re-construct the entire sub-selects. if ($values instanceof Closure) { return $this->whereInSub($column, $values, $boolean, $not); } if ($values instanceof Arrayable) { $values = $values->toArray(); } $this->wheres[] = compact('type', 'column', 'values', 'boolean'); $this->addBinding($values, 'where'); return $this; } /** * Add an "or where in" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @param mixed $values * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orWhereIn($column, $values) { return $this->whereIn($column, $values, 'or'); } /** * Add a "where not in" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @param mixed $values * @param string $boolean * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function whereNotIn($column, $values, $boolean = 'and') { return $this->whereIn($column, $values, $boolean, true); } /** * Add an "or where not in" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @param mixed $values * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orWhereNotIn($column, $values) { return $this->whereNotIn($column, $values, 'or'); } /** * Add a where in with a sub-select to the query. * * @param string $column * @param \Closure $callback * @param string $boolean * @param bool $not * @return $this */ protected function whereInSub($column, Closure $callback, $boolean, $not) { $type = $not ? 'NotInSub' : 'InSub'; // To create the exists sub-select, we will actually create a query and call the // provided callback with the query so the developer may set any of the query // conditions they want for the in clause, then we'll put it in this array. call_user_func($callback, $query = $this->newQuery()); $this->wheres[] = compact('type', 'column', 'query', 'boolean'); $this->mergeBindings($query); return $this; } /** * Add a "where null" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @param string $boolean * @param bool $not * @return $this */ public function whereNull($column, $boolean = 'and', $not = false) { $type = $not ? 'NotNull' : 'Null'; $this->wheres[] = compact('type', 'column', 'boolean'); return $this; } /** * Add an "or where null" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orWhereNull($column) { return $this->whereNull($column, 'or'); } /** * Add a "where not null" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @param string $boolean * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function whereNotNull($column, $boolean = 'and') { return $this->whereNull($column, $boolean, true); } /** * Add an "or where not null" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orWhereNotNull($column) { return $this->whereNotNull($column, 'or'); } /** * Add a "where date" statement to the query. * * @param string $column * @param string $operator * @param int $value * @param string $boolean * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function whereDate($column, $operator, $value, $boolean = 'and') { return $this->addDateBasedWhere('Date', $column, $operator, $value, $boolean); } /** * Add a "where day" statement to the query. * * @param string $column * @param string $operator * @param int $value * @param string $boolean * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function whereDay($column, $operator, $value, $boolean = 'and') { return $this->addDateBasedWhere('Day', $column, $operator, $value, $boolean); } /** * Add a "where month" statement to the query. * * @param string $column * @param string $operator * @param int $value * @param string $boolean * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function whereMonth($column, $operator, $value, $boolean = 'and') { return $this->addDateBasedWhere('Month', $column, $operator, $value, $boolean); } /** * Add a "where year" statement to the query. * * @param string $column * @param string $operator * @param int $value * @param string $boolean * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function whereYear($column, $operator, $value, $boolean = 'and') { return $this->addDateBasedWhere('Year', $column, $operator, $value, $boolean); } /** * Add a date based (year, month, day) statement to the query. * * @param string $type * @param string $column * @param string $operator * @param int $value * @param string $boolean * @return $this */ protected function addDateBasedWhere($type, $column, $operator, $value, $boolean = 'and') { $this->wheres[] = compact('column', 'type', 'boolean', 'operator', 'value'); $this->addBinding($value, 'where'); return $this; } /** * Handles dynamic "where" clauses to the query. * * @param string $method * @param string $parameters * @return $this */ public function dynamicWhere($method, $parameters) { $finder = substr($method, 5); $segments = preg_split('/(And|Or)(?=[A-Z])/', $finder, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE); // The connector variable will determine which connector will be used for the // query condition. We will change it as we come across new boolean values // in the dynamic method strings, which could contain a number of these. $connector = 'and'; $index = 0; foreach ($segments as $segment) { // If the segment is not a boolean connector, we can assume it is a column's name // and we will add it to the query as a new constraint as a where clause, then // we can keep iterating through the dynamic method string's segments again. if ($segment != 'And' && $segment != 'Or') { $this->addDynamic($segment, $connector, $parameters, $index); $index++; } // Otherwise, we will store the connector so we know how the next where clause we // find in the query should be connected to the previous ones, meaning we will // have the proper boolean connector to connect the next where clause found. else { $connector = $segment; } } return $this; } /** * Add a single dynamic where clause statement to the query. * * @param string $segment * @param string $connector * @param array $parameters * @param int $index * @return void */ protected function addDynamic($segment, $connector, $parameters, $index) { // Once we have parsed out the columns and formatted the boolean operators we // are ready to add it to this query as a where clause just like any other // clause on the query. Then we'll increment the parameter index values. $bool = strtolower($connector); $this->where(Str::snake($segment), '=', $parameters[$index], $bool); } /** * Add a "group by" clause to the query. * * @param array|string $column,... * @return $this */ public function groupBy() { foreach (func_get_args() as $arg) { $this->groups = array_merge((array) $this->groups, is_array($arg) ? $arg : [$arg]); } return $this; } /** * Add a "having" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @param string $operator * @param string $value * @param string $boolean * @return $this */ public function having($column, $operator = null, $value = null, $boolean = 'and') { $type = 'basic'; $this->havings[] = compact('type', 'column', 'operator', 'value', 'boolean'); if (!$value instanceof Expression) { $this->addBinding($value, 'having'); } return $this; } /** * Add a "or having" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @param string $operator * @param string $value * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orHaving($column, $operator = null, $value = null) { return $this->having($column, $operator, $value, 'or'); } /** * Add a raw having clause to the query. * * @param string $sql * @param array $bindings * @param string $boolean * @return $this */ public function havingRaw($sql, array $bindings = [], $boolean = 'and') { $type = 'raw'; $this->havings[] = compact('type', 'sql', 'boolean'); $this->addBinding($bindings, 'having'); return $this; } /** * Add a raw or having clause to the query. * * @param string $sql * @param array $bindings * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function orHavingRaw($sql, array $bindings = []) { return $this->havingRaw($sql, $bindings, 'or'); } /** * Add an "order by" clause to the query. * * @param string $column * @param string $direction * @return $this */ public function orderBy($column, $direction = 'asc') { $property = $this->unions ? 'unionOrders' : 'orders'; $direction = strtolower($direction) == 'asc' ? 'asc' : 'desc'; $this->{$property}[] = compact('column', 'direction'); return $this; } /** * Add an "order by" clause for a timestamp to the query. * * @param string $column * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function latest($column = 'created_at') { return $this->orderBy($column, 'desc'); } /** * Add an "order by" clause for a timestamp to the query. * * @param string $column * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function oldest($column = 'created_at') { return $this->orderBy($column, 'asc'); } /** * Add a raw "order by" clause to the query. * * @param string $sql * @param array $bindings * @return $this */ public function orderByRaw($sql, $bindings = []) { $property = $this->unions ? 'unionOrders' : 'orders'; $type = 'raw'; $this->{$property}[] = compact('type', 'sql'); $this->addBinding($bindings, 'order'); return $this; } /** * Set the "offset" value of the query. * * @param int $value * @return $this */ public function offset($value) { $property = $this->unions ? 'unionOffset' : 'offset'; $this->$property = max(0, $value); return $this; } /** * Alias to set the "offset" value of the query. * * @param int $value * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function skip($value) { return $this->offset($value); } /** * Set the "limit" value of the query. * * @param int $value * @return $this */ public function limit($value) { $property = $this->unions ? 'unionLimit' : 'limit'; if ($value > 0) { $this->$property = $value; } return $this; } /** * Alias to set the "limit" value of the query. * * @param int $value * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function take($value) { return $this->limit($value); } /** * Set the limit and offset for a given page. * * @param int $page * @param int $perPage * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function forPage($page, $perPage = 15) { return $this->skip(($page - 1) * $perPage)->take($perPage); } /** * Add a union statement to the query. * * @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|\Closure $query * @param bool $all * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function union($query, $all = false) { if ($query instanceof Closure) { call_user_func($query, $query = $this->newQuery()); } $this->unions[] = compact('query', 'all'); return $this->mergeBindings($query); } /** * Add a union all statement to the query. * * @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|\Closure $query * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static */ public function unionAll($query) { return $this->union($query, true); } /** * Lock the selected rows in the table. * * @param bool $value * @return $this */ public function lock($value = true) { $this->lock = $value; return $this; } /** * Lock the selected rows in the table for updating. * * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder */ public function lockForUpdate() { return $this->lock(true); } /** * Share lock the selected rows in the table. * * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder */ public function sharedLock() { return $this->lock(false); } /** * Get the SQL representation of the query. * * @return string */ public function toSql() { return $this->grammar->compileSelect($this); } /** * Execute a query for a single record by ID. * * @param int $id * @param array $columns * @return mixed|static */ public function find($id, $columns = ['*']) { return $this->where('id', '=', $id)->first($columns); } /** * Get a single column's value from the first result of a query. * * @param string $column * @return mixed */ public function value($column) { $result = (array) $this->first([$column]); return count($result) > 0 ? reset($result) : null; } /** * Get a single column's value from the first result of a query. * * This is an alias for the "value" method. * * @param string $column * @return mixed * * @deprecated since version 5.1. */ public function pluck($column) { return $this->value($column); } /** * Execute the query and get the first result. * * @param array $columns * @return mixed|static */ public function first($columns = ['*']) { $results = $this->take(1)->get($columns); return count($results) > 0 ? reset($results) : null; } /** * Execute the query as a "select" statement. * * @param array $columns * @return array|static[] */ public function get($columns = ['*']) { return $this->getFresh($columns); } /** * Execute the query as a fresh "select" statement. * * @param array $columns * @return array|static[] */ public function getFresh($columns = ['*']) { if (is_null($this->columns)) { $this->columns = $columns; } return $this->processor->processSelect($this, $this->runSelect()); } /** * Run the query as a "select" statement against the connection. * * @return array */ protected function runSelect() { return $this->connection->select($this->toSql(), $this->getBindings(), !$this->useWritePdo); } /** * Paginate the given query into a simple paginator. * * @param int $perPage * @param array $columns * @param string $pageName * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Pagination\LengthAwarePaginator */ public function paginate($perPage = 15, $columns = ['*'], $pageName = 'page') { $page = Paginator::resolveCurrentPage($pageName); $total = $this->getCountForPagination($columns); $results = $this->forPage($page, $perPage)->get($columns); return new LengthAwarePaginator($results, $total, $perPage, $page, [ 'path' => Paginator::resolveCurrentPath(), 'pageName' => $pageName, ]); } /** * Get a paginator only supporting simple next and previous links. * * This is more efficient on larger data-sets, etc. * * @param int $perPage * @param array $columns * @param string $pageName * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Pagination\Paginator */ public function simplePaginate($perPage = 15, $columns = ['*'], $pageName = 'page') { $page = Paginator::resolveCurrentPage($pageName); $this->skip(($page - 1) * $perPage)->take($perPage + 1); return new Paginator($this->get($columns), $perPage, $page, [ 'path' => Paginator::resolveCurrentPath(), 'pageName' => $pageName, ]); } /** * Get the count of the total records for the paginator. * * @param array $columns * @return int */ public function getCountForPagination($columns = ['*']) { $this->backupFieldsForCount(); $this->aggregate = ['function' => 'count', 'columns' => $columns]; $results = $this->get(); $this->aggregate = null; $this->restoreFieldsForCount(); if (isset($this->groups)) { return count($results); } return isset($results[0]) ? (int) array_change_key_case((array) $results[0])['aggregate'] : 0; } /** * Backup some fields for the pagination count. * * @return void */ protected function backupFieldsForCount() { foreach (['orders', 'limit', 'offset', 'columns'] as $field) { $this->backups[$field] = $this->{$field}; $this->{$field} = null; } } /** * Restore some fields after the pagination count. * * @return void */ protected function restoreFieldsForCount() { foreach (['orders', 'limit', 'offset', 'columns'] as $field) { $this->{$field} = $this->backups[$field]; } $this->backups = []; } /** * Chunk the results of the query. * * @param int $count * @param callable $callback * @return void */ public function chunk($count, callable $callback) { $results = $this->forPage($page = 1, $count)->get(); while (count($results) > 0) { // On each chunk result set, we will pass them to the callback and then let the // developer take care of everything within the callback, which allows us to // keep the memory low for spinning through large result sets for working. if (call_user_func($callback, $results) === false) { break; } $page++; $results = $this->forPage($page, $count)->get(); } } /** * Get an array with the values of a given column. * * @param string $column * @param string $key * @return array */ public function lists($column, $key = null) { $columns = $this->getListSelect($column, $key); $results = new Collection($this->get($columns)); return $results->pluck($columns[0], Arr::get($columns, 1))->all(); } /** * Get the columns that should be used in a list array. * * @param string $column * @param string $key * @return array */ protected function getListSelect($column, $key) { $select = is_null($key) ? [$column] : [$column, $key]; // If the selected column contains a "dot", we will remove it so that the list // operation can run normally. Specifying the table is not needed, since we // really want the names of the columns as it is in this resulting array. return array_map(function ($column) { $dot = strpos($column, '.'); return $dot === false ? $column : substr($column, $dot + 1); }, $select); } /** * Concatenate values of a given column as a string. * * @param string $column * @param string $glue * @return string */ public function implode($column, $glue = null) { if (is_null($glue)) { return implode($this->lists($column)); } return implode($glue, $this->lists($column)); } /** * Determine if any rows exist for the current query. * * @return bool */ public function exists() { $limit = $this->limit; $result = $this->limit(1)->count() > 0; $this->limit($limit); return $result; } /** * Retrieve the "count" result of the query. * * @param string $columns * @return int */ public function count($columns = '*') { if (!is_array($columns)) { $columns = [$columns]; } return (int) $this->aggregate(__FUNCTION__, $columns); } /** * Retrieve the minimum value of a given column. * * @param string $column * @return float|int */ public function min($column) { return $this->aggregate(__FUNCTION__, [$column]); } /** * Retrieve the maximum value of a given column. * * @param string $column * @return float|int */ public function max($column) { return $this->aggregate(__FUNCTION__, [$column]); } /** * Retrieve the sum of the values of a given column. * * @param string $column * @return float|int */ public function sum($column) { $result = $this->aggregate(__FUNCTION__, [$column]); return $result ?: 0; } /** * Retrieve the average of the values of a given column. * * @param string $column * @return float|int */ public function avg($column) { return $this->aggregate(__FUNCTION__, [$column]); } /** * Execute an aggregate function on the database. * * @param string $function * @param array $columns * @return float|int */ public function aggregate($function, $columns = ['*']) { $this->aggregate = compact('function', 'columns'); $previousColumns = $this->columns; $results = $this->get($columns); // Once we have executed the query, we will reset the aggregate property so // that more select queries can be executed against the database without // the aggregate value getting in the way when the grammar builds it. $this->aggregate = null; $this->columns = $previousColumns; if (isset($results[0])) { $result = array_change_key_case((array) $results[0]); return $result['aggregate']; } } /** * Insert a new record into the database. * * @param array $values * @return bool */ public function insert(array $values) { if (empty($values)) { return true; } // Since every insert gets treated like a batch insert, we will make sure the // bindings are structured in a way that is convenient for building these // inserts statements by verifying the elements are actually an array. if (!is_array(reset($values))) { $values = [$values]; } // Since every insert gets treated like a batch insert, we will make sure the // bindings are structured in a way that is convenient for building these // inserts statements by verifying the elements are actually an array. else { foreach ($values as $key => $value) { ksort($value); $values[$key] = $value; } } // We'll treat every insert like a batch insert so we can easily insert each // of the records into the database consistently. This will make it much // easier on the grammars to just handle one type of record insertion. $bindings = []; foreach ($values as $record) { foreach ($record as $value) { $bindings[] = $value; } } $sql = $this->grammar->compileInsert($this, $values); // Once we have compiled the insert statement's SQL we can execute it on the // connection and return a result as a boolean success indicator as that // is the same type of result returned by the raw connection instance. $bindings = $this->cleanBindings($bindings); return $this->connection->insert($sql, $bindings); } /** * Insert a new record and get the value of the primary key. * * @param array $values * @param string $sequence * @return int */ public function insertGetId(array $values, $sequence = null) { $sql = $this->grammar->compileInsertGetId($this, $values, $sequence); $values = $this->cleanBindings($values); return $this->processor->processInsertGetId($this, $sql, $values, $sequence); } /** * Update a record in the database. * * @param array $values * @return int */ public function update(array $values) { $bindings = array_values(array_merge($values, $this->getBindings())); $sql = $this->grammar->compileUpdate($this, $values); return $this->connection->update($sql, $this->cleanBindings($bindings)); } /** * Increment a column's value by a given amount. * * @param string $column * @param int $amount * @param array $extra * @return int */ public function increment($column, $amount = 1, array $extra = []) { $wrapped = $this->grammar->wrap($column); $columns = array_merge([$column => $this->raw("$wrapped + $amount")], $extra); return $this->update($columns); } /** * Decrement a column's value by a given amount. * * @param string $column * @param int $amount * @param array $extra * @return int */ public function decrement($column, $amount = 1, array $extra = []) { $wrapped = $this->grammar->wrap($column); $columns = array_merge([$column => $this->raw("$wrapped - $amount")], $extra); return $this->update($columns); } /** * Delete a record from the database. * * @param mixed $id * @return int */ public function delete($id = null) { // If an ID is passed to the method, we will set the where clause to check // the ID to allow developers to simply and quickly remove a single row // from their database without manually specifying the where clauses. if (!is_null($id)) { $this->where('id', '=', $id); } $sql = $this->grammar->compileDelete($this); return $this->connection->delete($sql, $this->getBindings()); } /** * Run a truncate statement on the table. * * @return void */ public function truncate() { foreach ($this->grammar->compileTruncate($this) as $sql => $bindings) { $this->connection->statement($sql, $bindings); } } /** * Get a new instance of the query builder. * * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder */ public function newQuery() { return new static($this->connection, $this->grammar, $this->processor); } /** * Merge an array of where clauses and bindings. * * @param array $wheres * @param array $bindings * @return void */ public function mergeWheres($wheres, $bindings) { $this->wheres = array_merge((array) $this->wheres, (array) $wheres); $this->bindings['where'] = array_values(array_merge($this->bindings['where'], (array) $bindings)); } /** * Remove all of the expressions from a list of bindings. * * @param array $bindings * @return array */ protected function cleanBindings(array $bindings) { return array_values(array_filter($bindings, function ($binding) { return !$binding instanceof Expression; })); } /** * Create a raw database expression. * * @param mixed $value * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Expression */ public function raw($value) { return $this->connection->raw($value); } /** * Get the current query value bindings in a flattened array. * * @return array */ public function getBindings() { return Arr::flatten($this->bindings); } /** * Get the raw array of bindings. * * @return array */ public function getRawBindings() { return $this->bindings; } /** * Set the bindings on the query builder. * * @param array $bindings * @param string $type * @return $this * * @throws \InvalidArgumentException */ public function setBindings(array $bindings, $type = 'where') { if (!array_key_exists($type, $this->bindings)) { throw new InvalidArgumentException("Invalid binding type: {$type}."); } $this->bindings[$type] = $bindings; return $this; } /** * Add a binding to the query. * * @param mixed $value * @param string $type * @return $this * * @throws \InvalidArgumentException */ public function addBinding($value, $type = 'where') { if (!array_key_exists($type, $this->bindings)) { throw new InvalidArgumentException("Invalid binding type: {$type}."); } if (is_array($value)) { $this->bindings[$type] = array_values(array_merge($this->bindings[$type], $value)); } else { $this->bindings[$type][] = $value; } return $this; } /** * Merge an array of bindings into our bindings. * * @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query * @return $this */ public function mergeBindings(Builder $query) { $this->bindings = array_merge_recursive($this->bindings, $query->bindings); return $this; } /** * Get the database connection instance. * * @return \Illuminate\Database\ConnectionInterface */ public function getConnection() { return $this->connection; } /** * Get the database query processor instance. * * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Processors\Processor */ public function getProcessor() { return $this->processor; } /** * Get the query grammar instance. * * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Grammars\Grammar */ public function getGrammar() { return $this->grammar; } /** * Use the write pdo for query. * * @return $this */ public function useWritePdo() { $this->useWritePdo = true; return $this; } /** * Handle dynamic method calls into the method. * * @param string $method * @param array $parameters * @return mixed * * @throws \BadMethodCallException */ public function __call($method, $parameters) { if (Str::startsWith($method, 'where')) { return $this->dynamicWhere($method, $parameters); } $className = get_class($this); throw new BadMethodCallException("Call to undefined method {$className}::{$method}()"); }}
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