Oracle Function:TO_CHAR
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The Oracle/PLSQL TO_CHAR function converts a number or date to a string.将数字转换为日期或字符串
Syntax
TO_CHAR( value [, format_mask] [, nls_language] )
Parameters or Arguments
Value | A number or date that will be converted to a string. |
format_mask | Optional. This is the format that will be used to convert value to a string. |
nls_language | Optional. This is the nls language used to convert value to a string. |
Example
Numbers | TO_CHAR(1210.73, ‘9999.9‘) TO_CHAR(-1210.73, ‘9999.9‘) TO_CHAR(1210.73, ‘9,999.99‘) TO_CHAR(1210.73, ‘$9,999.00‘) TO_CHAR(21, ‘000099‘) |
Dates | TO_CHAR(sysdate, ‘yyyy/mm/dd‘) TO_CHAR(sysdate, ‘Month DD, YYYY‘) TO_CHAR(sysdate, ‘FMMonth DD, YYYY‘) TO_CHAR(sysdate, ‘MON DDth, YYYY‘) TO_CHAR(sysdate, ‘FMMON DDth, YYYY‘) TO_CHAR(sysdate, ‘FMMon ddth, YYYY‘)
"FM":This means that zeros and blanks are suppressed(压制). |
The following is a list of valid parameters when the TO_CHAR function is used to convert a date to a string.
Parameter | Explanation |
YEAR | Year, spelled out |
YYYY | 4-digit year |
YYY YY Y | Last 3, 2, or 1 digit(s) of year. |
IYY IY I | Last 3, 2, or 1 digit(s) of ISO year. |
IYYY | 4-digit year based on the ISO standard |
Q | Quarter of year (1, 2, 3, 4; JAN-MAR = 1). |
MM | Month (01-12; JAN = 01). |
MON | Abbreviated name of month. |
MONTH | Name of month, padded with blanks to length of 9 characters. |
RM | Roman numeral month (I-XII; JAN = I). |
WW | Week of year (1-53) where week 1 starts on the first day of the year and continues to the seventh day of the year. |
W | Week of month (1-5) where week 1 starts on the first day of the month and ends on the seventh. |
IW | Week of year (1-52 or 1-53) based on the ISO standard. |
D | Day of week (1-7). |
DAY | Name of day. |
DD | Day of month (1-31). |
DDD | Day of year (1-366). |
DY | Abbreviated name of day. |
J | Julian day; the number of days since January 1, 4712 BC. |
HH | Hour of day (1-12). |
HH12 | Hour of day (1-12). |
HH24 | Hour of day (0-23). |
MI | Minute (0-59). |
SS | Second (0-59). |
SSSSS | Seconds past midnight (0-86399). |
FF | Fractional seconds. |
Frequently Asked Questions
Question: Why doesn‘t this sort the days of the week in order? | Answer: In the above SQL, the fmDay format mask used in the TO_CHAR function will return the name of the Day and not the numeric value of the day. To sort the days of the week in order, you need to return the numeric value of the day by using the fmD format mask as follows: |
SELECT ename, hiredate, TO_CHAR((hiredate),‘fmDay‘) "Day" | SELECT ename, hiredate, TO_CHAR((hiredate),‘fmD‘) "Day" |
Oracle Function:TO_CHAR
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本文系统来源:http://www.cnblogs.com/scentpath/p/tochar.html
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