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C#编程之dll使用（二）
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接着上一章内容，这一章我们主要实现C#调用dll内的算法。
同样的，我们按照之前几章编写好的动态效果应用程序进行修改。因为我们需要实现加减乘除运算，使用我们在之前的应用程序添加额外的控件：
AXML代码实现添加额外控件：
1 <Grid Background="Black"> 2 <Grid.RowDefinitions> 3 <RowDefinition Height="30"/> 4 <RowDefinition Height="30"/> 5 <RowDefinition Height="30"/> 6 <RowDefinition Height="30"/> 7 <RowDefinition Height="60"/> 8 </Grid.RowDefinitions> 9 <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> 10 <ColumnDefinition/> 11 <ColumnDefinition/> 12 </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> 13 14 <Label Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Entry your First Data:</Label> 15 <TextBox Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit1" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="0" TextAlignment="Right"/> 16 17 <Label Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Entry your Second Data:</Label> 18 <TextBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit2" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="0" TextAlignment="Right"/> 19 20 <Label Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Your Result:</Label> 21 <TextBox Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit3" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" IsReadOnly="True" TextAlignment="Right"/> 22 23 <Label Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Method Entry: +, -, *, /</Label> 24 <TextBox Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit4" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="+" TextAlignment="Center" /> 25 26 <Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="0" Name="submit" Click="Click_submiit" Width="Auto" HorizontalAlignment="Center" >Get Result</Button> 27 <Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="1" Name="Clear" Click="Click_clean" Width="Auto" HorizontalAlignment="Center">Reset Deft</Button> 28 </Grid>
接着，我们开始运算编程：
- 在cs文件中添加命名空间 using System.Runtime.InteropServices; 这个服务主要是提供了相应的类或者方法来支持托管/非托管模块间的互相调用。
- DllImportAttribute 该类提供了对非托管动态链接库进行引用的方法，并告诉编译器该程序的静态入口点是非托管的动态连接库，它的静态属性提供了对非托管动态链接库进行调用所必需的信息，作为最基本的要求，该类应该定义提供调用的非托管动态链接库的名称。 [DllImport(@"F:\MiloLu\2015\vs\C#\cppDll\Debug\cppDll.dll", EntryPoint = "Calculation", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)] 参数1代表我们dll动态库文件的存放位置，当然如果将dll复制到项目下\bin\debug下就直接更改为 [DllImport("cppDll.dll", EntryPoint = "Calculation", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)] 即可。
- 定义静态外部dll接口函数作为我们的入口函数： public static extern double calculation(double a, double b, char c); 这里与我们C++调用dll接口函数定义是一样，名称可以更改，但参数数目必须与dll定义的一样多。否则我们调用 的过程中可能会导致程序出错。
- 下面我们实现按键点击事件：
- 复位按键事件：
private void Click_clean(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { m_edit1.Text = m_edit2.Text = m_edit3.Text = "0"; m_edit4.Text = "+"; } - 运算按键事件：
private void Click_submiit(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { try { double a = Convert.ToDouble(m_edit1.Text); double b = Convert.ToDouble(m_edit2.Text); char c = Convert.ToChar(m_edit4.Text); double result = calculation(a, b, c); m_edit3.Text = result.ToString(); } catch(Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); } }注意这里我们运用了 system.convert 类，将编辑框内容强制进行转换，这可能会导致异常风险，例如当编辑框1输入的是非数字字符，那么转换就会失败，导致程序崩溃。为了避免这种情况的发生，我们加入异常处理 try.... catch.... 在异常情况下打印异常信息。
- 复位按键事件：
完整代码：
AXML:
1 <Window x:Class="WpfControls.MainWindow"
2 xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
3 xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
4 Title="MainWindow" Height="300" Width="525" >
5 <Window.Resources>
6 <!--define glass gradient stop resource-->
7 <GradientStopCollection x:Key="myGradientStopResource">
8 <GradientStop Color="WhiteSmoke" Offset="0.2"/>
9 <GradientStop Color="Transparent" Offset="0.4"/>
10 <GradientStop Color="WhiteSmoke" Offset="0.5"/>
11 <GradientStop Color="Transparent" Offset=" 0.75"/>
12 <GradientStop Color="WhiteSmoke" Offset="0.9"/>
13 <GradientStop Color="Transparent" Offset=" 1.0"/>
14 </GradientStopCollection>
15
16 <!--define gradient brush resource-->
17 <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="myGlassBrushResource" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint=" 1,1" Opacity="0.75"
18 GradientStops="{StaticResource myGradientStopResource }"/>
19
20 <!--background brush resource-->
21 <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="grayBlueGradientBrush" StartPoint=" 0,0" EndPoint="1,1">
22 <GradientStop Color="Gray" Offset="0"/>
23 <GradientStop Color="Cyan" Offset="0.5"/>
24 <GradientStop Color="Gold" Offset="1.0"/>
25 </LinearGradientBrush>
26
27 <!--define button options-->
28 <Style TargetType="Button">
29 <!--define button background-->
30 <Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource grayBlueGradientBrush}"/>
31 <!--define button template-->
32 <Setter Property="Template">
33 <Setter.Value>
34 <!--target type is button-->
35 <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
36 <Grid Margin="-26,0,-56,2">
37 <!--outline rectangle-->
38 <Rectangle x:Name="outerRectangle" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
39 VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Stroke="{TemplateBinding Background}"
40 RadiusX="20" RadiusY="20" StrokeThickness="10" Fill="Transparent"/>
41 <!--inner rectangle-->
42 <Rectangle x:Name="innerRectangle" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
43 VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Stroke="Transparent"
44 RadiusX="20" RadiusY="20" StrokeThickness="10" Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}"/>
45 <!--glass rectangle-->
46 <Rectangle x:Name="glassCube" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
47 VerticalAlignment="Stretch" StrokeThickness="2"
48 RadiusX="10" RadiusY="10" Opacity="0"
49 Fill="{StaticResource myGlassBrushResource}"
50 RenderTransformOrigin="0.5,0.5" Margin="0">
51 <!--rectangle stroke-->
52 <Rectangle.Stroke>
53 <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint=" 0.5,0" EndPoint="0.5,1">
54 <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
55 <GradientStop Color="LightBlue" Offset="0.0"/>
56 <GradientStop Color="Gray" Offset="1.0"/>
57 </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
58 </LinearGradientBrush>
59 </Rectangle.Stroke>
60 <!--glass rectangle render transform-->
61 <Rectangle.RenderTransform>
62 <TransformGroup>
63 <!--To stretch or contact horizontally or vertially-->
64 <ScaleTransform/>
65 <!--rotate transform by angles-->
66 <RotateTransform/>
67 </TransformGroup>
68 </Rectangle.RenderTransform>
69 </Rectangle>
70 <!--dock panel-->
71 <DockPanel Name="myContentPresenterDockPanel">
72 <ContentPresenter x:Name="myContentPresent" Margin="20"
73 Content="{TemplateBinding Content}" TextBlock.Foreground="Black"/>
74 </DockPanel>
75 </Grid>
76 <!--control template-->
77 <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
78 <!--mouse over trigger-->
79 <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
80 <!--rectangle stroke-->
81 <Setter Property="Rectangle.Stroke" TargetName="outerRectangle"
82 Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.HighlightBrushKey}}"/>
83 <Setter Property="Rectangle.Opacity" Value="1" TargetName="glassCube"/>
84 </Trigger>
85 <!--Mouse focused trigger-->
86 <Trigger Property="IsFocused" Value="True">
87 <Setter Property="Rectangle.Stroke" TargetName="innerRectangle"
88 Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.HighlightBrushKey}}"/>
89 <Setter Property="Rectangle.Opacity" Value="1" TargetName="glassCube"/>
90 </Trigger>
91 <!--Event trigger mouse enter-->
92 <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Mouse.MouseEnter">
93 <!--actions-->
94 <EventTrigger.Actions>
95 <!--begin story board-->
96 <BeginStoryboard Name="mouseEnterBeginStoryboard">
97 <Storyboard>
98 <!--animation-->
99 <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetName="glassCube"
100 Storyboard.TargetProperty=
101 "(Rectangle.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX)"
102 By="-0.1" Duration="0:0:0.5" />
103 <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetName="glassCube"
104 Storyboard.TargetProperty=
105 "(Rectangle.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleY)"
106 By="-0.1" Duration="0:0:0.5" />
107 </Storyboard>
108 </BeginStoryboard>
109 </EventTrigger.Actions>
110 </EventTrigger>
111 <!--event trigger mouse leave-->
112 <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Mouse.MouseLeave">
113 <EventTrigger.Actions>
114 <StopStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="mouseEnterBeginStoryboard"/>
115 </EventTrigger.Actions>
116 </EventTrigger>
117 <!--event trigger button click-->
118 <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Button.Click">
119 <EventTrigger.Actions>
120 <BeginStoryboard>
121 <Storyboard>
122 <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetName="glassCube"
123 Storyboard.TargetProperty=
124 "(Rectangle.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[1].(RotateTransform.Angle)"
125 By="360" Duration="0:0:0.5"/>
126 </Storyboard>
127 </BeginStoryboard>
128 </EventTrigger.Actions>
129 </EventTrigger>
130 </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
131 </ControlTemplate>
132 </Setter.Value>
133 </Setter>
134 </Style>
135
136 </Window.Resources>
137 <Grid Background="Black">
138 <Grid.RowDefinitions>
139 <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
140 <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
141 <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
142 <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
143 <RowDefinition Height="60"/>
144 </Grid.RowDefinitions>
145 <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
146 <ColumnDefinition/>
147 <ColumnDefinition/>
148 </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
149
150 <Label Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Entry your First Data:</Label>
151 <TextBox Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit1" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="0" TextAlignment="Right"/>
152
153 <Label Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Entry your Second Data:</Label>
154 <TextBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit2" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="0" TextAlignment="Right"/>
155
156 <Label Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Your Result:</Label>
157 <TextBox Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit3" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" IsReadOnly="True" TextAlignment="Right"/>
158
159 <Label Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Method Entry: +, -, *, /</Label>
160 <TextBox Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit4" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="+" TextAlignment="Center" />
161
162 <Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="0" Name="submit" Click="Click_submiit" Width="Auto" HorizontalAlignment="Center" >Get Result</Button>
163 <Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="1" Name="Clear" Click="Click_clean" Width="Auto" HorizontalAlignment="Center">Reset Deft</Button>
164 </Grid>
165 </Window>
cs完整代码：
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Text;
5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
6 using System.Windows;
7 using System.Windows.Controls;
8 using System.Windows.Data;
9 using System.Windows.Documents;
10 using System.Windows.Input;
11 using System.Windows.Media;
12 using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
13 using System.Windows.Navigation;
14 using System.Windows.Shapes;
15 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
16
17 namespace WpfControls
18 {
19 /// <summary>
20 /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
21 /// </summary>
22 public partial class MainWindow : Window
23 {
24 [DllImport(@"F:\MiloLu\2015\vs\C#\cppDll\Debug\cppDll.dll", EntryPoint = "Calculation", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
25 public static extern double calculation(double a, double b, char c);
26 public MainWindow()
27 {
28 InitializeComponent();
29 }
30
31 private void Click_submiit(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
32 {
33 try
34 {
35 double a = Convert.ToDouble(m_edit1.Text);
36 double b = Convert.ToDouble(m_edit2.Text);
37 char c = Convert.ToChar(m_edit4.Text);
38 double result = calculation(a, b, c);
39 m_edit3.Text = result.ToString();
40 }
41 catch(Exception ex)
42 {
43 MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
44 }
45 }
46
47 private void Click_clean(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
48 {
49 m_edit1.Text = m_edit2.Text = m_edit3.Text = "0";
50 m_edit4.Text = "+";
51 }
52 }
53 }
编译运行：
输入对应的运算符，就可以实现我们的对应的加减乘除运算。整体看起，既有动态效果，又有运算.....至此，对应动态库的运用我们有了初步的了解。
End.
谢谢.
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