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java-Spring Boot 2无法将属性读取为字符串

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将Spring Boot应用程序从Spring Boot 1.4.0迁移到Spring Boot 2时,在尝试从.properties文件读取属性时开始出现错误.

在属性文件中,该属性定义为：

环境= dev

在我的一个类中,我通过@Value注释导入属性,如下所示：

@Getter
@Setter
public class CustomUserFilter extends SwitchUserFilter {
    ...
    @Value("${environment}")
    private String environment;
    ...

上面的类重写org.springframework.security.web.authentication.switchuser.SwitchUserFilter,以使用户能够切换角色.

在Spring Boot 1.4.0之前,我可以将这个属性作为String导入我的类中.但是,自从迁移到Spring Boot 2之后,我得到了以下编译时错误：

Error:(43, 20) java: getEnvironment() in demo.config.CustomUserFilter
cannot implement getEnvironment() in
org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentCapable return type
java.lang.String is not compatible with
org.springframework.core.env.Environment

我不确定为什么会这样.我还尝试过将此变量的类型更改为Environment(org.springframework.core.env.Environment)(如下所示)：

...
@Value("${environment}")
private Environment environment;
...

,但随后我开始出现以下错误：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'switchUserFilter': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'environment'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.ConversionNotSupportedException: Failed to convert value of type 'java.lang.String' to required type 'org.springframework.core.env.Environment'; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot convert value of type 'java.lang.String' to required type 'org.springframework.core.env.Environment': no matching editors or conversion strategy found
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:584)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:90)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:370)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1336)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:572)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:495)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:317)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:315)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:204)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletContextInitializerBeans.getOrderedBeansOfType(ServletContextInitializerBeans.java:226)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletContextInitializerBeans.addAsRegistrationBean(ServletContextInitializerBeans.java:182)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletContextInitializerBeans.addAsRegistrationBean(ServletContextInitializerBeans.java:177)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletContextInitializerBeans.addAdaptableBeans(ServletContextInitializerBeans.java:159)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletContextInitializerBeans.<init>(ServletContextInitializerBeans.java:81)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.getServletContextInitializerBeans(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:261)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.selfInitialize(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:234)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.createWebServer(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:185)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.onRefresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:154)
    ... 52 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.ConversionNotSupportedException: Failed to convert value of type 'java.lang.String' to required type 'org.springframework.core.env.Environment'; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot convert value of type 'java.lang.String' to required type 'org.springframework.core.env.Environment': no matching editors or conversion strategy found
    at org.springframework.beans.TypeConverterSupport.doConvert(TypeConverterSupport.java:77)
    at org.springframework.beans.TypeConverterSupport.convertIfNecessary(TypeConverterSupport.java:60)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1089)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1062)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:581)
    ... 70 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot convert value of type 'java.lang.String' to required type 'org.springframework.core.env.Environment': no matching editors or conversion strategy found
    at org.springframework.beans.TypeConverterDelegate.convertIfNecessary(TypeConverterDelegate.java:299)
    at org.springframework.beans.TypeConverterDelegate.convertIfNecessary(TypeConverterDelegate.java:117)
    at org.springframework.beans.TypeConverterSupport.doConvert(TypeConverterSupport.java:70)
    ... 74 more

关于可能出什么问题的任何线索？我正在使用Spring Boot 2.0,Spring 5,Java 11和Tomcat 8.5.35.谢谢！

解决方法:

该问题与Spring Boot无关.上面的类扩展了org.springframework.security.web.authentication.switchuser.SwitchUserFilter,进一步扩展了org.springframework.web.filter.GenericFilterBean.此GenericFilterBean类还具有一个属性private Environment environment;.此外,该类在Spring 5版本中进行了修改,以在此属性上包含getter方法. Spring 5在类GenericFilterBean中引入了返回类型为Environment的getEnvironment(),这与我的返回类型为String的getEnvironment()冲突.

为了避免这种冲突,我只是将属性的名称从环境更改为env,然后事情就起作用了.

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