C# LINQ语法
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内容图文
1.简单的linq语法
//1
var ss = from r in db.Am_recProScheme
select r;
//2
var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme;
//3
string sssql = "select * from Am_recProScheme";
2.带where的查询
//1
var ss = from r in db.Am_recProScheme
where r.rpId > 10
select r;
//2
var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Where(p => p.rpId > 10);
//3
string sssql = "select * from Am_recProScheme where rpid>10";
3.简单的函数计算（count，min，max，sum）
//1
////获取最大的rpId
//var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme
// select r).Max(p => p.rpId);
////获取最小的rpId
//var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme
// select r).Min(p => p.rpId);
//获取结果集的总数
//var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme
// select r).Count();
//获取rpId的和
var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme
select r).Sum(p => p.rpId);
//2
//var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Max(p=>p.rpId);
//var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Min(p => p.rpId);
//var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Count() ;
var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Sum(p => p.rpId);
Response.Write(ss);
//3
string sssql = "select max(rpId) from Am_recProScheme";
sssql = "select min(rpId) from Am_recProScheme";
sssql = "select count(1) from Am_recProScheme";
sssql = "select sum(rpId) from Am_recProScheme";
4.排序order by desc/asc
var ss = from r in db.Am_recProScheme
where r.rpId > 10
orderby r.rpId descending //倒序
// orderby r.rpId ascending //正序
select r;
//正序
var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.OrderBy(p => p.rpId).Where(p => p.rpId > 10).ToList();
//倒序
var ss2 = db.Am_recProScheme.OrderByDescending(p => p.rpId).Where(p => p.rpId > 10).ToList();
string sssql = "select * from Am_recProScheme where rpid>10 order by rpId [desc|asc]";
5.top(1)
//如果取最后一个可以按倒叙排列再取值
var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme
select r).FirstOrDefault();
//（）linq to ef 好像不支持 Last()
var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.FirstOrDefault();
//var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.First();
string sssql = "select top(1) * from Am_recProScheme";
6.跳过前面多少条数据取余下的数据
//1
var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme
orderby r.rpId descending
select r).Skip(10); //跳过前10条数据，取10条之后的所有数据
//2
var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.OrderByDescending(p => p.rpId).Skip(10).ToList();
//3
string sssql = "select * from (select ROW_NUMBER()over(order by rpId desc) as rowNum, * from [Am_recProScheme]) as t where rowNum>10";
7.分页数据查询
//1
var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme
where r.rpId > 10
orderby r.rpId descending
select r).Skip(10).Take(10); //取第11条到第20条数据
//2 Take(10): 数据从开始获取，获取指定数量（10）的连续数据
var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.OrderByDescending(p => p.rpId).Where(p => p.rpId > 10).Skip(10).Take(10).ToList();
//3
string sssql = "select * from (select ROW_NUMBER()over(order by rpId desc) as rowNum, * from [Am_recProScheme]) as t where rowNum>10 and rowNum<=20";
8.包含，类似like '%%'
//1
var ss = from r in db.Am_recProScheme
where r.SortsText.Contains("张")
select r;
//2
var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Where(p => p.SortsText.Contains("张")).ToList();
//3
string sssql = "select * from Am_recProScheme where SortsText like '%张%'";
9.分组group by
//1
var ss = from r in db.Am_recProScheme
orderby r.rpId descending
group r by r.recType into n
select new
{
n.Key, //这个Key是recType
rpId = n.Sum(r => r.rpId), //组内rpId之和
MaxRpId = n.Max(r => r.rpId),//组内最大rpId
MinRpId = n.Min(r => r.rpId), //组内最小rpId
};
foreach (var t in ss)
{
Response.Write(t.Key + "--" + t.rpId + "--" + t.MaxRpId + "--" + t.MinRpId);
}
//2
var ss1 = from r in db.Am_recProScheme
orderby r.rpId descending
group r by r.recType into n
select n;
foreach (var t in ss1)
{
Response.Write(t.Key + "--" + t.Min(p => p.rpId));
}
//3
var ss2 = db.Am_recProScheme.GroupBy(p => p.recType);
foreach (var t in ss2)
{
Response.Write(t.Key + "--" + t.Min(p => p.rpId));
}
//4
string sssql = "select recType,min(rpId),max(rpId),sum(rpId) from Am_recProScheme group by recType";
10.sql中的In
//Linq
var ss = from p in db.Am_recProScheme
where (new int?[] { 24, 25,26 }).Contains(p.rpId)
select p;
foreach (var p in ss)
{
Response.Write(p.Sorts);
}
//SQL
string st = "select * from Am_recProScheme where rpId in(24,25,26)";
11.内连接 INNER JOIN
//Linq
var ss = from r in db.Am_recProScheme
join w in db.Am_Test_Result on r.rpId equals w.rsId
orderby r.rpId descending
select r;
//Lambda
var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Join(db.Am_Test_Result, p => p.rpId, r => r.rsId, (p, r) => p).OrderByDescending(p => p.rpId).ToList();
//SQL
string sssql = "select r.* from [Am_recProScheme] as r inner join [dbo].[Am_Test_Result] as t on r.[rpId] = t.[rsId] order by r.[rpId] desc";
12.左连接 LEFT JOIN
//两个DataTable关联，查找只在第一个表中的数据
static void Main(string[] args)
{
DataTable dt1 = new DataTable("Ta");
DataTable dt2 = new DataTable("Tb");
dt1.Columns.Add("ID", typeof(int));
dt1.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));
dt1.Rows.Add(1, "小明");
dt1.Rows.Add(2, "小红");
dt1.Rows.Add(3, "小黑");
dt2.Columns.Add("ID", typeof(int));
dt2.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));
dt2.Rows.Add(1, "小黄");
dt2.Rows.Add(2, "小红");
dt2.Rows.Add(3, "小强");
//方法一：Linq
//var query = from q1 in dt1.AsEnumerable()
// join q2 in dt2.AsEnumerable()
// on q1.Field<string>("Name") equals q2.Field<string>("Name") into tmp
// from q3 in tmp.DefaultIfEmpty()
// where q3 == null
// select new
// {
// ID = q1.Field<int>("ID"),
// Name = q1.Field<string>("Name")
// };
//方法二：Lambda
var query = dt1.AsEnumerable().GroupJoin(
dt2.AsEnumerable(),
x => x.Field<string>("Name"),
y => y.Field<string>("Name"),
(x, y) => y.DefaultIfEmpty(). Where(w => w == null).
Select(z => new { ID = x.Field<int>("ID"), Name = x.Field<string>("Name") })
).SelectMany(x => x);
foreach (var item in query)
{
Console.WriteLine($"ID={item.ID} Name={item.Name}");
}
Console.Read();
}
三表连接
SELECT id, name, jname, cname
FROM userinfo u
LEFT JOIN job j on u.job = j.jid
LEFT JOIN city c on u.city = c.cid
var list = (
from u in dc.userinfos
join j in dc.jobs on u.job equals j.jid into j_join
from x in j_join.DefaultIfEmpty()
join c in dc.cities on u.city equals c.cid into c_join
from v in c_join.DefaultIfEmpty()
select new
{
id = u.id,
name = u.name,
jname = x.jname,
cname = v.cname,
/*u1=u,x1=x,v1=v*/
//不要用对象的方式 因为对象可能为null那么对象.属性就会抛异常
}
).ToList();
for (var i = 0; i < list.Count(); i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(list[i].name + '\t' + list[i].jname + '\t' + list[i].cname); //字段为null不报异常
//Console.WriteLine(list[i].u1.name+'\t'+list[i].x1.jname+'\t'+list[i].v1.cname+"\r\n"); //对象x1 v1 有可能为null 抛异常
}
Console.ReadLine();
实例用法：
//数据库 + 自定义名称 =new 数据库
mydbDataContext con = new mydbDataContext();
//模糊查询表达式中用.Contains
con.car.Where(r=>r.name.Contains(TextBox1.Text.Trim())).ToList(）;
//开头查用.StartWith
con.car.Where(r => r.name.StartsWith(TextBox1.Text)).ToList();
//结尾查用.EndWith
con.car.Where(r => r.name.EndsWith(TextBox1.Text)).ToList();
//最大值
con.car.Max(r => r.price * r.oil).ToString();
//最小值
con.car.Min(r => r.price).ToString();
//求和
con.car.Sum(r => r.price).ToString();
//平均值
con.car.Average(r => r.price).ToString();
//升序：
con.car.OrderBy(r => r.price).ToList();
//降序：
con.car.OrderByDescending(r => r.price).ToList();
//上一页，下一页，组合查询：
int PageCount = 5;//每页显示条数
//上一页，PageCount_Label.Text为当前页码
int pageNum = Convert.ToInt32(PageCount_Label.Text) - 1;
Repeater1.DataSource = con.car.Skip((pageNum - 1) * PageCount).Take(PageCount);
Repeater1.DataBind();
PageCount_Label.Text = pageNum.ToString();
//下一页
int pageNum = Convert.ToInt32(PageCount_Label.Text) + 1;
Repeater1.DataSource = con.car.Skip((pageNum - 1) * PageCount).Take(PageCount);
Repeater1.DataBind();
PageCount_Label.Text = pageNum.ToString();
//组合查询的点击事件
List<car> list = con.car.ToList();
if (TextBox2.Text != "")
{
List<car> list1 = con.car.Where(r => r.name.Contains(TextBox2.Text)).ToList();
list = list.Intersect(list1).ToList();
}
if (TextBox3.Text != "")
{
List<car> list1 = con.car.Where(r => r.oil == Convert.ToDecimal(TextBox3.Text)).ToList();
list = list.Intersect(list1).ToList();
}
if (TextBox4.Text != "")
{
List<car> list1 = con.car.Where(r => r.powers == Convert.ToInt32(TextBox4.Text)).ToList();
list = list.Intersect(list1).ToList();
}
Repeater1.DataSource = list;
Repeater1.DataBind();
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