Mac OS利用ssh访问ubuntu虚拟机及免密访问操作

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互联网集市收集整理的这篇技术教程文章主要介绍了Mac OS利用ssh访问ubuntu虚拟机及免密访问操作，小编现在分享给大家，供广大互联网技能从业者学习和参考。文章包含2875字，纯文字阅读大概需要5分钟。

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1、将该虚拟机的网口设置成桥接模式(Bridged Adapter)，以确保主机可以ping通虚拟机：

2、在ubuntu虚拟机上安装ssh server：

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

3、找到ubuntu的IP地址，即可以通过在terminal输入：

ifconfig

会出现下面的东西：

找到拥有inet的那一行，后面的地址即为该虚拟机的IP地址。这里可以看到，该虚拟机的IP地址为10.66.182.88

4、在主机上同样安装ssh。安装好后为了连接虚拟机，可以进行如下操作：

wubijiadeMacBook-Pro:~ wooka$ ssh wu@10.66.182.88
The authenticity of host '10.66.182.88 (10.66.182.88)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:xxx.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added '10.66.182.88' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.

wu@10.66.182.88's password:

Welcome to Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-31-generic x86_64)

* Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/

System information as of Thu Oct 25 22:23:38 HKT 2018

System load:  0.0 Processes: 109
Usage of /: 17.3% of 8.50GB Users logged in: 1
Memory usage: 6%  IP address for eth0: 10.66.182.88
Swap usage: 0%

  
Graph this data and manage this system at:
https://landscape.canonical.com/

New release '16.04.5 LTS' available.
Run 'do-release-upgrade' to upgrade to it.

Last login: Thu Oct 25 22:23:38 2018 from localhost

wu@ubuntu:~$ ls

这里ssh wu@10.66.182.88，wu为虚拟机的用户名

至此可以直接从主机访问虚拟机的文件了。通过输入exit可退出访问。

wu@ubuntu:~$ exit
logout
Connection to 10.66.182.88 closed.

5、然而，麻烦的是，每次主机访问虚拟机时都要输入密码。如何进行免密操作？

为主机和虚拟机共同建立一个共享的密码。

即，可输入ssh-keygen，产生一个public/private密码对。

wubijiadeMacBook-Pro:~ wooka$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/wooka/.ssh/id_rsa): y

# 下面一行代表可否用另一个密码代替之前需要输入的密码，为了方便，可以省略直接回车。
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in y.
Your public key has been saved in y.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:xxx
wooka@wubijiadeMacBook-Pro.local
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|.o . o.. .o  |
|. + o..... o |
|o..o .o.o.+  |
|=o..+Eo+oo . + |
|o+.oooooS = .  |
|..o.. .o . o o |
| o o. . o o  |
|. . .o . o |
| . .+ .  |
+----[SHA256]-----+

现在，我们将pubilc key推送到虚拟机上，即

ssh-copy-id wu@10.66.182.88
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/Users/wooka/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
wu@10.66.182.88's password:

Number of key(s) added:  1

Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'wu@10.66.182.88'"

and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

现在，你控制ubuntu虚拟机的时候，就不需要输入密码了哦！

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