python 基础笔记

python:
    ASCII,unicode,utf-8 :
    pythoncoding:utf8:
    \033[;;m*******\033[0m
:
    ‘‘‘ ‘‘‘
:
    if elif else
    for i in   range(n,m,k)[n,m-1,k]
    break continue pass
    chr()[ASCII] ord()[ASCII]
    while else
:
    a,b = 1,2
    max = (a if a>b else b)
python -:
    :
        :
            s[0] ::0;:-1:
            s[n:m:k]:cong
    :
        type() #:
            %d%i  %f      %s      %%      %
        :
            int():float():str()::
        s.find(t):t,,-1.
        s.index(t):t,.
        s.join(ls):sls.
        s.replace(old,new):.
        s.split(sep):sep,s.strip(t):t
        s.startswith(t):t:true  :false
        s.endswith():zit:true :false
        s.isalnum():s.isalpha() :s.isdigit() :s.isupper():s.islower():s.upper():s.lower():s.swapcase():s.count(t):t:
    :
        :::,,:
        :[]
        :list():list(string)::
        append(string):extend(s):()
        insert(n,string):,pop():,..
        remove():count():index():reverse():sort():len():max():min()::,,‘+‘‘*‘:
        pythonlist.
        [ x*x for x in range(1,11)]
        :X*X :for:,,.
    :
        :()
        :tuple()
    :
        ;
        ;
        :,,:
        a = (1,2,3)
        for i,j in enumerate(a):
            print i,j
    :
        index():count():.
python:
        :,.
        ::::
        :{key1:value1,key2:value2,...}
        :dict():":";
            ",";
            ,/
    :
        :dict1[key] = value
        items()::,.
        keys():values():has_key():.
        del :len():update():,get():pop():popitem():clear()::
        for key in data:
            print key,data[key]
    :
        1.,2.3.4.5.,6.set
        :{}
        :set()
    :
        len():add():remove():update(): pop():s|t: st s&t: st s-t: ,sts^t: pythonopen(‘file_name‘,‘r|w|a‘),file(‘file_name‘,‘r|w|a‘):,with :with open(‘file_name‘,‘r|w|a‘) as fileName:
        :open(,)
        r:,,.
            w:(),,a:(),,+:aa
            a+:,w+:,a+r+:,a+:
            readline():readlines():read():,tell():()
            seek():seek(,)
            write():writelines():flush():,close():mode:name:closed::
    function def
        def ()
        python.
        ,.
        pythondef,.
        ,,,python.
        pythonreturn,,.
        return,NONE,return,return ,NONE.
    :
        ()
        python,,(),def,(),.
    :
        :
        :()
        python,,,.
        ,.
        :()
        ,global.
    :
        ,"name=value".
        python.
        ,,.
        :,‘name=value‘.(,.)
        .
        ,,,.
    :
        *args,,,*args.
        **kwargs,,**,"name=value",.
    :
        :,.,;
    lambda:
        ,,def.
        lambda,,,,.
        lambda.
    map()
        ,.
    lambdamapmap(lambda x:x**5,range(10))
    enumerate:
        yield:
        generator()
        yield,Pythongenerator
    :
        .
        @:run = login(run)
:
    ,..py
    ,,.
    if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
        print __name__
    :
        import module import module as module_alias from modules import names  .
    :
        import sys
        print sys.path os()
    :
        os.name windows:nt,linux|unix:posix
        os.system():os.popen():,:
        os.getcwd():.
        os.chdir():os.walk():os.listdir():.
        os.mkdir():os.makedirs():;
        os.rmdir():;
        os.removedirs():.ops
        os.path.split():os.path.abspath(name):os.path.splitext():os.path.join(path,name):os.path.basename(path):os.path.dirname(path)::
        os.remove():os.rename():;
        os.path.exists():os.path.isfile():os.path.isdir():.
        os.path.islink()::
        os.stat():.
        os.getatime():os.getctime():os.getmtime():os.path.getsize(name):,nameOL
random()
    random.randint(n,m):.
    ramdom.randrange([start],stop[,step]):,md5,hashlib
    import hashlib
    string = ‘abc‘
    hash = hashlib.md5()
    hash.update(string)
    print hash.hexdiget()
time197011:,,,time.struct_time
    2016-6-29 11:07
    Time:
        import time as t
        t.time(): UTCt.asctime():t.localtime():,t.sleep(secs):t.mktime(tuple):t.strptime(srring[.format]):.
    :
        dt = datetime.datetime.now()
        # print ‘(%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %f): ‘, dt.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %f‘)
        # print ‘(%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p): ‘, dt.strftime(‘%y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S %p‘)
        # print ‘%%a: %s ‘ % dt.strftime(‘%a‘)
        # print ‘%%A: %s ‘ % dt.strftime(‘%A‘)
        # print ‘%%b: %s ‘ % dt.strftime(‘%b‘)
        # print ‘%%B: %s ‘ % dt.strftime(‘%B‘)
        # print ‘%%c: %s ‘ % dt.strftime(‘%c‘)
        # print ‘%%x%s ‘ % dt.strftime(‘%x‘)
        # print ‘%%X%s ‘ % dt.strftime(‘%X‘)
        # print ‘%s‘ % dt.strftime(‘%w‘)
        # print ‘%s‘ % dt.strftime(‘%j‘)
        # print ‘%s‘ % dt.strftime(‘%U‘)
        # %aWeb
        # %AWednesday
        # %b4Apr
        # %B4April
        # %c: 04/07/10 10:43:39# %d: # %f: [0,999999]# %H: 24[0, 23]# %I: 12[0, 11]# %j: [001,366]# %m: [01,12]# %M: [00,59]# %p: AMPM
        # %S: [00,61][00, 59]python~_~# %U: # %w: [0, 6]6# %W: # %x: 04/07/10# %X: 10:43:39# %y: 2# %Y: 4# %z: utc# %Z: # %%: %% => %

        def getTime(second=None):
            if second:
                   ftime = t.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S‘,t.gmtime(second))
            else:
                   ftime = t.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S‘) #return ftime # # def getSecond(ftime=None):
            if ftime:
                if ftime.count(‘ ‘) != 0:
                    second = t.mktime(t.strptime(ftime,‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S‘))
                else:
                    second = t.mktime(t.strptime(ftime,‘%Y-%m-%d‘))
            else:
                second = t.time()
            return int(second)

    sys:
        sys.argv:List,sys.exit(n):,exit(0)
        sys.version:pythonsys.maxint:Intsys.maxunicode:Unicodesys.path:,PYTHONPATHsys.platform::
    ::
        python(),..
    :
        ,,.
    :
        NameError:: print a
        SyntaxError:i = 100  print i.1
        IOError:/,f =file(‘1.txt‘) r.read()
        ImportError:,IndentationError:,IndexError:TypeError:AttributeError:,.
    :
        python:
            try:
                pass
            except  ,e:
                pass
            Exception :try:
                    -->except Exception1[,reason]: -->-->except Exception2[,reason]: -->-->except:   -->exceptelse:     -->finally:   -->:
            assert expression[,reason]
            assert.,expression,,..
:
    (RE),,.
    re:
        pythonre.
        \d  \D  \w  ,,\W  ,,\s  \S  recompole()::compile(pattern,flags=0)
        findall():()(()),:findall(pattern,string[,flags])
        match():,,None.
        :match(pattern,string)
        search():.
        ,,None.
        :search(pattern,string)
        split():,,max()
        :solit(pattern,string,max=0)
        sub()subn()
        :.
        subn()sub(),,:sub(pattern,repl,string,max=0)
    group():.
        group(i):i‘()‘groups():().
        start():end():span()::
    conn=MySQLdb.connect(host="localhost",user="root",passwd="123",db="zj",charset="utf8")
    :
        host:,user:,passwd:,db:,port:MySQLTCP,3306
        charset::
        commit():rollback():cursor():,:
        cursor:
            execute(self,query,args):sql,executemany(self,query,args):sqlcursor:
            fetchall(self):.
            fetchmany(self,size=Nome):sizesize,cursor.arraysizeferchone(self)::
        :
            sql = ‘‘‘create table employee(name char(20)) ‘‘‘
            cursor.execute(sql)
        :
            sql = ‘‘‘ insert into employee(name) values(‘zj‘) ‘‘‘
            cursor.execute(sql)
        :
            sql = ‘‘‘select * from employee  ‘‘‘
            cursor.execute(sql)
            results = cursor.fetchall()
            for row in results:
                name = row[0]
        :
            sql = ‘‘‘ update employee set name = zz where id = %d ‘‘‘ %id
            cursor.execute(sql)
        :
            sql = "DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE AGE > ‘%d‘"
            cursor.execute(sql)
    psutil,cpu,,ps toplsofpmapwho iotop1.:
            disk = psutil.disk_partitions()
            for i in disk:
                print ":%s  :%s" %(i.device,i.fstype)
                disk_use = psutil.disk_usage(i.device)
                print ":%fM,:%fM,%fM,%f%%,"%(disk_use.used/1024/1024,disk_use.free/1024/1024,disk_use.percent)
        2cpudef cpu():
                while True:
                    time.sleep(1)
                    cpu_liyonglv = psutil.cpu_percent()
                    print "cpu%s%%"%cpu_liyonglv
                    if cpu_liyonglv >15.0:
                        baojing()
            def baojing():
                i = 0
                while i < 10 :
                    i += 1
                    time.sleep(0.5)
                    winsound.PlaySound("ALARM8",winsound.SND_ALIAS)
            cpu()
        3memory = psutil.virtual_memory()
            print memory.used
            print memory.total
            ab = float(memory.used)/float(memory.total)*100
            print "%.2f%%"%ab
            print psutil.swap_memory()
        4#count = psutil.net_io_counters()
            print "\033[1;31;42m%s\033[0mbytes,\033[1;31;42m%s\033[0mbytes,%s,%s"%(count.bytes_sent,count.bytes_recv,count.packets_sent,count.packets_recv)

            users = psutil.users()
            print "",users[0].name
            #curent_time = psutil.boot_time()

            curent_time_1 = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(curent_time))
            print curent_time_1

        5#pidpid = psutil.pids()
            for k,i in enumerate(pid):
                try:
                    proc  = psutil.Process(i)
                    print k,i,"%.2f%%"%(proc.memory_percent()),"%",proc.name(),proc.exe()
                except psutil.AccessDenied :
                    print "psutil.AccessDenied"
socket:
    .,socket.
    BSD UNIX,"",IP,.
    .
    1.socketpython socet.
        socket,BSD Sockets API
        socketServer,,.
        :
            socket(family,type[,protocal]) ,,.
            socket.AF_UNIX:unixsocket.AF_INET:socket.AF_INET6:ipv6
            socket.SOCK_STREAM:socket,for TCP
            socket.SOCK_DGRAM:socket,for UDP
            socket.SOCK_RAW:,ICMP,IGMPsocket.SOCK_SEQPACKET:TCP socket:   s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCKE_STREAM)
        UDP socket:   s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCKE_DGRAM)
            sockettcp,TCP,.UDP,.
            ,,.repr(data).
        socket
            s.bind(address): ,AF_INET,(host,port).
            s.listten(backlog):TCP.backlog,s.accept():TCP(conn,address),conn,.address.
        socket:
            s.connect(address):address.address(hostname,port),,socket.error.
            s.connect_ex(address):connect(address),0,errnosocket:
            s.rcv(bufize[,flag]):TCP.,bufsize.flag,s.send(string[,flag]):TCP.string.,string.
            s.sendall(string[,flag]):TCP.string,.None,.
            s.recvfrom(bufsize[,flag]):UDP.recv(),(data,address).data,address.
            s.sendto(string[,flag],address):UDP.,address(ipaddr,port),.s.close():s.getpeername():..
            s.getsockname():.(ipaddr,port)
            s.setsockopt(level,optname,value):s.getsockopt(level,optname[,buflen]):s.settimeout(timeout):,timeout,.Noneconnect()s.getimeout():,.,None
         s.setblocking(flag):flag0recv()send()socket.error.
         s.makefile():tcp:
         :
            socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCKE_STREAM)
            s.bind()
         :
            s.listten()
         s.accept()
         ,s.recv(),s.sendall()
         ,s.close()
      tcp:
         socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCKE_STREAM)
            s.connect
         s.sendall()
            s.recv()
         ,s.close
   smtplibparamiko
      :
         1.pyCrypto
         2.ecdsa
         3.paramiko
         
   SSHclient
   sftpclient
   threadthreading

原文：http://5180043.blog.51cto.com/5170043/1795996