1 f = open(‘test.txt‘, ‘w+‘)
 2 f.write(‘HI\n‘)
 3 f.writelines([‘Hello\n‘, ‘a‘])
 4f.seek(0)
 5print(f.readlines())  # [‘HI\n‘, ‘Hello\n‘, ‘a‘] 6print(f.seekable())  # True 7print(f.readable())  # True 8print(f.writable())  # True 9print(f.closed)  # False10f.close()
11print(f.closed)  # True

            1 with open(‘test‘) as f:
2print(f.closed)  # False3print(f.closed)  # True

            1
            import
             io

            2 f = io.StringIO()
3 f.write(‘HI‘)  # HI4f.seek(0)
5print(f.read())
6 b = io.BytesIO()
7 b.write(b‘a‘)
8b.seek(0)
9print(b.read())  # b‘a‘

            1
            import
             sys

            2 f = sys.stdout
3 f.write(‘HI‘)  
4 f = sys.stderr
5 f.write(‘Hello‘)
6# HelloHI

            1
            from os import path
2 p = path.join(‘d:/‘, ‘python‘, ‘vn‘)
3print(p, type(p))  # d:\python\vn <class ‘str‘>4print(path.exists(p))  # True 或 False 表示存在或不存在5print(path.split(p))  # (‘d:\\python‘, ‘vn‘)，分割路径6print(path.dirname(p), path.basename(p))  # d:\python vn 路径和基名7print(path.abspath(‘‘), path.abspath(‘.‘))  # 绝对路径8print(path.abspath(__file__))  # 打印当前文件路径9print(path.splitdrive(p))  # (‘d:‘, ‘\\python\\vn‘)，windows方法

             1
            from pathlib import Path
 2 p = Path(‘.‘)  # 空白，‘‘， ‘.‘均为当前目录 3print(Path(‘d:/‘, ‘python/vn‘))  # d:\python\vn 4print(Path(‘d:/‘, Path(‘python‘, ‘vn‘)))  # d:\python\vn 5 p1 = ‘vn‘ / p
 6 p2 = ‘python‘ / p1
 7 p3 = p1 / p2
 8print(p1, p2, p3)  # vn python\vn vn\python\vn 9print(p3.joinpath(‘a‘, ‘b/c‘, Path(‘d/e‘)))  # vn\python\vn\a\b\c\d\e10print(p3.parts)  # (‘vn‘, ‘python‘, ‘vn‘)11print(p3.parent)  # vn\python12for i in p3.parents:
13print(i)
14# vn\python15# vn16# .17 p = Path(‘/a/b/c/d/e.py‘)
18print(p.parent)  # \a\b\c\d19print(p.name)  # e.py20print(p.stem)  # e21print(p.suffix)  # .py22print(p.suffixes)  # [‘.py‘]23print(p.with_name(‘f‘))  # \a\b\c\d\f24print(p.with_name(‘f‘).with_suffix(‘.txt‘))  # \a\b\c\d\f.txt25print(p.cwd())  # 返回当前工作目录26print(p.home())  # 返回当前家目录27print(p.exists())  # 返回True或False，判断目录或文件是否存在28print(p.is_dir())  # 返回True或False，判断是否为目录29print(p.is_file())  # 返回True或False，判断是否为文件30print(p.is_symlink())  # 返回True或False，判断是否为软连接31print(p.is_socket())  # 返回True或False，判断是否为socket文件32print(p.is_block_device())  # 返回True或False，判断是否为块设备33print(p.is_char_device())  # 返回True或False，判断是否为字符设备34print(p.is_absolute())  # 返回True或False，判断是否为绝对路径35print(p.resolve())  # 返回一个绝对路径，如果是软连接则直接被解析36print(p.absolute())  # 获取结对路径37 p = Path(‘d:/a/b‘)
38 p.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)  # 创建目录39 p.rmdir()  # 删除空目录，目录非空不能删除，抛出异常40 p.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)  # 创建目录，parents为False时父目录不存在抛出异常，exit_ok为False时路径存在抛出异常41 (p / ‘c.py‘).touch()  # 创建文件42print(p.stat())  # 获取文件或目录信息43print(p.lstat())  # 获取文件或目录信息44print(p.as_uri())  # file:///d:/a/b，把路径返回成URI45for i in Path(‘d:/‘).iterdir():  # 迭代目录里的文件和目录46print(i)

            1
            from pathlib import Path
2print(list(Path(‘d:/a/b‘).glob(‘c*‘)))  # 返回c开头的文件路径列表

            1
            from pathlib import Path
2 p = Path(‘d:/a/b/c.py‘)
3 p.write_text(‘a‘)  # 文档模式写入4 p.write_bytes(b‘a‘)  # 二进制模式写入5print(p.read_text())  # a，文本模式读取6print(p.read_bytes())  # b‘a‘，二进制模式读取7 with Path(‘d:/a/b/c.txt‘).open() as f:
8     print(f.read())

            1
            from pathlib import Path
2import os
3print(os.name)  # windows系统是nt，linux系统是linux4print(os.listdir(Path(‘d:/‘)))  # 获取目录下文件和目录信息5print(os.stat(Path(‘d:/a/b/c.py‘)))  # 获取文件信息6 os.chmod(Path(‘d:/a/b/c.py‘), 0o777)  # 修改权限

             1
            from pathlib import Path
 2import shutil
 3 4 5def ignore(src, names):
 6print(src, names)
 7     ig = filter(lambda x: x.startswith(‘a‘), names)
 8print(list(ig))
 9return set(ig)
101112 a = Path(‘d:/a/b/a.txt‘)  # 原文件13 b = Path(‘d:/a/b/b.txt‘)
14 c = Path(‘d:/a/b/c.txt‘)
15 d = Path(‘d:/a/b/d.txt‘)
16 e = Path(‘d:/a/b/e.txt‘)
17with a.open() as aa:
18     with b.open(‘w‘) as bb:
19         shutil.copyfileobj(aa, bb)  # 复制内容20 shutil.copyfile(a, c)  # 复制内容21 shutil.copymode(a, c)  # 复制权限22 shutil.copystat(a, c)  # 复制元数据和权限23 shutil.copy(a, d)  # 复制内容和权限和部分元数据24 shutil.copy2(a, e)  # 复制内容和权限和元数据25 shutil.copytree(Path(‘d:/a/b/‘), Path(‘d:/a/c/‘), ignore=ignore)  # 复制目录26# copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False, ignore=None, copy_function=copy2,ignore_dangling_symlinks=False)27# ignore接受一个函数,函数接收两个参数src和os.listdir(src),返回set,copytree张过滤set的内容

            1
            from pathlib import Path
2import shutil
3 shutil.rmtree(Path(‘d:/a/c‘))  # 如同rm -rf一样危险，慎用

            1
            from pathlib import Path
2import shutil
3 shutil.move(Path(‘d:/a/b‘), Path(‘d:/a/c‘))

            from pathlib import Path
import shutil
shutil.make_archive(Path(‘d:/a/z‘), ‘zip‘, Path(‘d:/a/c/‘))  # 把目录c里的文件和目录压缩成z.zip