【Android笔记】Android与服务器通信 http和socket两种形式
内容导读
互联网集市收集整理的这篇技术教程文章主要介绍了【Android笔记】Android与服务器通信 http和socket两种形式，小编现在分享给大家，供广大互联网技能从业者学习和参考。文章包含18233字，纯文字阅读大概需要27分钟。
内容图文
1、 http形式
服务器端建立：
EncodingFilter.java代码如下：
1
package
com.example;
2
3
import
java.io.IOException;
4
5
import
javax.servlet.Filter;
6
7
import
javax.servlet.FilterChain;
8
9
import
javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
10
11
import
javax.servlet.ServletException;
12
13
import
javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
14
15
import
javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
16
17
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
18
19
/**
20
21
* Servlet Filter implementation class EncodingFilter
22
23
*/
24
25
public
class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
26/**2728 * Default constructor.
2930*/3132public EncodingFilter() {
333435 }
3637/**3839 * @see Filter#destroy()
4041*/4243publicvoid destroy() {
4445 }
464748/**4950 * @see Filter#doFilter(ServletRequest, ServletResponse, FilterChain)
5152*/5354publicvoid doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
5556 HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
57585960if("GET".equals(req.getMethod())){
6162 EncodingHttpServletRequest wrapper = new EncodingHttpServletRequest(req);
6364 chain.doFilter(wrapper, response);
6566 } else {//post6768 req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
6970 chain.doFilter(request, response);
7172 }
7374 }
7576/**7778 * @see Filter#init(FilterConfig)
7980*/8182publicvoid init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
838485 }
8687 }
EncodingHttpServletRequest.java代码如下：
package
com.example;
import
java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;
public
class EncodingHttpServletRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
private HttpServletRequest request;
public EncodingHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
super(request);
this.request = request;
}
@Override
public String getParameter(String name) {
String value = request.getParameter(name);
if(value!=null){
try {
value = new String(value.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return value;
}
}
Servlet.java代码如下
1
package
com.example;
2
3
import
java.io.IOException;
4
5
import
javax.servlet.ServletException;
6
7
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
8
9
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
10
11
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
12
13
import
com.example.EncodingHttpServletRequest;
14
15
/**
16
17
* Servlet implementation class ManageServlet
18
19
*/
20
21
public
class servlet extends HttpServlet {
2223privatestaticfinallong serialVersionUID = 1L;
2425/**2627 * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
2829*/3031public servlet() {
3233super();
3435 }
3637/**3839 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
4041*/4243protectedvoid doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
4445 String title = request.getParameter("title");
4647 EncodingHttpServletRequest requsete = new EncodingHttpServletRequest(request);
4849 String titlee = requsete.getParameter("title");
5051//把客户端传递过来的参数进行重新编码使之能支持中文5253 title = new String(title.getBytes("GB2312"),"UTF-8");//使用过滤器后就不需要每次都要进行此操作5455 String timelength = request.getParameter("timelength");
5657 System.out.println("视频名称："+titlee);
5859 System.out.println("播放时长："+timelength);
6061 }
6263/**6465 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
6667*/6869protectedvoid doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
7071 String title = request.getParameter("title");
7273//把客户端传递过来的参数进行重新编码使之能支持中文7475 title = new String(title.getBytes("GB2312"),"UTF-8");//使用过滤器后就不需要每次都要进行此操作7677 String timelength = request.getParameter("timelength");
7879 System.out.println("视频名称："+title);
8081 System.out.println("播放时长："+timelength);
8283 }
84 }
既然有servlet就不得不在web.xml中配置一下了
1
<
servlet
>
2
3
<
servlet-name
>servlet</servlet-name> 4 5<servlet-class>com.example.servlet</servlet-class> 6 7</servlet> 8 9<servlet-mapping>1011<servlet-name>servlet</servlet-name>1213<url-pattern>/servlet</url-pattern>1415</servlet-mapping>
进行通信是必须先把服务器打开，所以先把servlet用tomcat打开，
http://localhost:8080/http_service/servlet
客户端建立：
Http_androidActivity.java代码
1
package
com.example.newsmanage;
2
import
android.app.Activity;
3
import
android.os.Bundle;
4
5
public
class Http_androidActivity extends Activity {
6/** Called when the activity is first created. */ 7 @Override
8publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
910super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
11 setContentView(R.layout.main);
12 }
13 }
NewsManageActivity.java代码
1
package
com.example.newsmanage;
2
3
import
com.example.service.NewsService;
4
import
android.app.Activity;
5
import
android.os.Bundle;
6
import
android.view.View;
7
import
android.widget.Button;
8
import
android.widget.EditText;
9
import
android.widget.Toast;
10
11
public
class NewsManageActivity extends Activity {
12/** Called when the activity is first created. */13 EditText titleText;
14 EditText lengthText;
15 Button button;
1617 @Override
18publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
1920super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
21 setContentView(R.layout.main);
2223 titleText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.title);
24 lengthText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.timelength);
25 button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button);
26 }
2728publicvoid save(View v) throws Exception{
2930 String title = titleText.getText().toString();
31 String timelength = lengthText.getText().toString();
3233boolean result = NewsService.save(title,timelength);
3435if(result){
3637 Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.success, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
3839 } else {
40 Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.fail, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
41 }
42 }
43 }
NewsService.java代码
package
com.example.service;
import
java.io.OutputStream;
import
java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import
java.net.URL;
import
java.net.URLEncoder;
import
java.util.ArrayList;
import
java.util.HashMap;
import
java.util.List;
import
java.util.Map;
import
org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import
org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import
org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import
org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import
org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import
org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
public
class
NewsService {
/**
* 保存数据，传递参数给web服务器端
*
@param
title 标题
*
@param
timelength 时长
*
@return
*/
public
static
boolean save(String title, String timelength) throws Exception {
//119.119.228.5为本机IP地址，不能用localhost代替
String path = "http://192.168.1.5:8080/http_service/servlet";
Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<String,String>();
params.put("title", title);
params.put("timelength", timelength);
//get请求方式return sendGETRequest(path,params,"UTF-8");
//post请求方式
//return sendPOSTRequest(path,params,"UTF-8");
//httpClient请求方式，如果单纯传递参数的话建议使用GET或者POST请求方式
//return sendHttpClientPOSTRequest(path,params,"UTF-8");//httpclient已经集成在android中
}
/**
* 通过HttpClient发送post请求
* @param path
* @param params
* @param encoding
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/privatestaticboolean sendHttpClientPOSTRequest(String path,
Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception {
List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();//存放请求参数for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry:params.entrySet()){
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
//防止客户端传递过去的参数发生乱码，需要对此重新编码成UTF-8
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs,encoding);
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(path);
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
returntrue;
}
returnfalse;
}
/**
* 放松post请求
* @param path 请求路径
* @param params 请求参数
* @param encoding 编码
* @return 请求是否成功
*/privatestaticboolean sendPOSTRequest(String path,
Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception{
StringBuilder data = new StringBuilder(path);
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry:params.entrySet()){
data.append(entry.getKey()).append("=");
//防止客户端传递过去的参数发生乱码，需要对此重新编码成UTF-8
data.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(),encoding));
data.append("&");
}
data.deleteCharAt(data.length() - 1);
byte[] entity = data.toString().getBytes();//得到实体数据
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(path).openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoOutput(true);//设置为允许对外输出数据
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(entity.length));
OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
outStream.write(entity);//写到缓存if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){//只有取得服务器返回的http协议的任何一个属性时才能把请求发送出去returntrue;
}
returnfalse;
}
/**
* 发送GET请求
* @param path 请求路径
* @param params 请求参数
* @return 请求是否成功
* @throws Exception
*/privatestaticboolean sendGETRequest(String path,
Map<String, String> params,String encoding) throws Exception {
StringBuilder url = new StringBuilder(path);
url.append("?");
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry:params.entrySet()){
url.append(entry.getKey()).append("=");
//get方式请求参数时对参数进行utf-8编码，URLEncoder
//防止客户端传递过去的参数发生乱码，需要对此重新编码成UTF-8
url.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encoding));
url.append("&");
}
url.deleteCharAt(url.length()-1);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url.toString()).openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
if(conn.getResponseCode() == 200){
returntrue;
}
returnfalse;
}
}
Main.xml代码如下
1
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
2
3
<
LinearLayout
xmlns:android
="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
4
5
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
6
7
android:layout_height
="fill_parent"
8
9
android:orientation
="vertical"
>
10
11
12
13
<
TextView
14
15
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
16
17
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
18
19
android:text
="@string/title"
/>
20
21
22
23
<
EditText
24
25
android:id
="@+id/title"
26
27
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
28
29
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
>
30
31
32
33
<
requestFocus
/>
34
35
</
EditText
>
36
37
38
39
<
TextView
40
41
android:id
="@+id/textView1"
42
43
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
44
45
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
46
47
android:text
="@string/timelength"
/>
48
49
50
51
<
EditText
52
53
android:id
="@+id/timelength"
54
55
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
56
57
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
android:numeric
="integer"
/>
58
59
60
61
<
Button
62
63
android:id
="@+id/button"
64
65
android:layout_width
="wrap_content"
66
67
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
68
69
android:text
="@string/button"
android:onClick
="save"
/>
70
71
72
73
</
LinearLayout
>
AndroidManifest.xml代码如下
1
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
2
3
<
manifest
xmlns:android
="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
4
5
package
="com.example.newsmanage"
6
7
android:versionCode
="1"
8
9
android:versionName
="1.0"
>
10
11
12
13
<
uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion
="7"
/>
14
15
16
17
<
application
18
19
android:icon
="@drawable/ic_launcher"
20
21
android:label
="@string/app_name"
>
22
23
<
activity
24
25
android:name
=".NewsManageActivity"
26
27
android:label
="@string/app_name"
>
28
29
<
intent-filter
>
30
31
<
action
android:name
="android.intent.action.MAIN"
/>
32
33
34
35
<
category
android:name
="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"
/>
36
37
</
intent-filter
>
38
39
</
activity
>
40
41
</
application
>
42
43
<
uses-permission
android:name
="android.permission.INTERNET"
/>
44
45
46
47
</
manifest
>
开发好后就开始测试吧，先运行android客户端，这里服务器端不接收中文的，你可以设置一下编码格式的。
点击发送，在服务器端就会接收到发送过来的信息
测试成功。
2、 socket形式
服务器端建立比较简单，只要建一个java文件就可以了，一直运行着就可以了。
socket_service.java代码
1
package
example;
2
3
4
5
6
7
import
java.io.BufferedReader;
8
9
import
java.io.BufferedWriter;
10
11
import
java.io.InputStreamReader;
12
13
import
java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
14
15
import
java.io.PrintWriter;
16
17
import
java.net.ServerSocket;
18
19
import
java.net.Socket;
20
21
22
23
public
class socket_service implements Runnable
24 25{
26 27publicvoid run()
28 29 {
30 31try 32 33 {
34 35//创建ServerSocket 36 37 ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(54321);
38 39while (true)
40 41 {
42 43//接受客户端请求 44 45 Socket client = serverSocket.accept();
46 47 System.out.println("accept");
48 49try 50 51 {
52 53//接收客户端消息 54 55 BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));
56 57 58 59 System.out.print("\n");
60 61 String str = in.readLine();
62 63 System.out.println("read:" + str);
64 65//向服务器发送消息 66 67 PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(client.getOutputStream())),true);
68 69 out.println("server ");
70 71//关闭流 72 73 out.close();
74 75 in.close();
76 77 }
78 79catch (Exception e)
80 81 {
82 83 System.out.println(e.getMessage());
84 85 e.printStackTrace();
86 87 }
88 89finally 90 91 {
92 93//关闭 94 95 client.close();
96 97 System.out.println("close");
98 99 }
100101 }
102103 }
104105catch (Exception e)
106107 {
108109 System.out.println(e.getMessage());
110111 }
112113 }
114115//main函数，开启服务器 116117publicstaticvoid main(String args[])
118119 {
120121 Thread desktopServerThread = new Thread(new socket_service());
122123 desktopServerThread.start();
124125 }
126127 }
客户端建立
Activity01.java代码
1
package
com.example.socket;
2
3
4
5
import
java.io.BufferedReader;
6
7
import
java.io.BufferedWriter;
8
9
import
java.io.InputStreamReader;
10
11
import
java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
12
13
import
java.io.PrintWriter;
14
15
import
java.net.Socket;
16
17
18
19
import
android.app.Activity;
20
21
import
android.os.Bundle;
22
23
import
android.util.Log;
24
25
import
android.view.View;
26
27
import
android.view.View.OnClickListener;
28
29
import
android.widget.Button;
30
31
import
android.widget.EditText;
32
33
import
android.widget.TextView;
34
35
36
37
public
class Activity01 extends Activity
38 39{
40 41privatefinal String DEBUG_TAG = "Activity01";
42 43 44 45private TextView mTextView = null;
46 47private EditText mEditText = null;
48 49private Button mButton = null;
50 51/** Called when the activity is first created. */ 52 53 @Override
54 55publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
56 57 {
58 59super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
60 61 setContentView(R.layout.main);
62 63 64 65 mButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button01);
66 67 mTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.TextView01);
68 69 mEditText = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.EditText01);
70 71 72 73//登陆 74 75 mButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
76 77 {
78 79publicvoid onClick(View v)
80 81 {
82 83 Socket socket = null;
84 85 String message = mEditText.getText().toString() + "/r/n";
86 87try 88 89 {
90 91//创建Socket 92 93 socket = new Socket("192.168.1.2",54321);
94 95//socket = new Socket("10.14.114.127",54321); //IP：10.14.114.127，端口54321
96 97//向服务器发送消息 98 99 PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())),true);
100101 out.println(message+"wmy");
102103104105//接收来自服务器的消息 106107 BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
108109 String msg = br.readLine();
110111112113if ( msg != null )
114115 {
116117 mTextView.setText(msg);
118119 }
120121else122123 {
124125 mTextView.setText("数据错误!");
126127 }
128129//关闭流 130131 out.close();
132133 br.close();
134135//关闭Socket 136137 socket.close();
138139 }
140141catch (Exception e)
142143 {
144145// TODO: handle exception 146147 Log.e(DEBUG_TAG, e.toString());
148149 }
150151 }
152153 });
154155 }
156157 }
Socket_androidActivity.java代码
1
package
com.example.socket;
2
3
4
5
import
android.app.Activity;
6
7
import
android.os.Bundle;
8
9
10
11
public
class Socket_androidActivity extends Activity {
1213/** Called when the activity is first created. */1415 @Override
1617publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
1819super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
2021 setContentView(R.layout.main);
2223 }
2425 }
Main.xml代码
1
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
2
3
<
LinearLayout
xmlns:android
="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
4
5
android:orientation
="vertical"
6
7
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
8
9
android:layout_height
="fill_parent"
10
11
>
12
13
<
TextView
14
15
android:id
="@+id/TextView01"
16
17
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
18
19
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
20
21
android:text
="杩欓噷鏄剧ず鎺ユ敹鍒版湇鍔″櫒鍙戞潵鐨勪俊鎭?
22
23
/>
24
25
<EditText
26
27
android:id="
@+id/EditText01"
28
29
android:text
="杈撳叆瑕佸彂閫佺殑鍐呭"
30
31
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
32
33
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
>
34
35
</
EditText
>
36
37
<
Button
38
39
android:id
="@+id/Button01"
40
41
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
42
43
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
44
45
android:text
="鍙戦?"
46
47
/>
48
49
</
LinearLayout
>
AndroidManifest.xml
1
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
2
3
<
manifest
xmlns:android
="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
4
5
package
="com.example.socket"
6
7
android:versionCode
="1"
8
9
android:versionName
="1.0"
>
10
11
12
13
<
uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion
="7"
/>
14
15
16
17
<
application
18
19
android:icon
="@drawable/ic_launcher"
20
21
android:label
="@string/app_name"
>
22
23
<
activity
24
25
android:name
=".Activity01"
26
27
android:label
="@string/app_name"
>
28
29
<
intent-filter
>
30
31
<
action
android:name
="android.intent.action.MAIN"
/>
32
33
34
35
<
category
android:name
="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"
/>
36
37
</
intent-filter
>
38
39
</
activity
>
40
41
</
application
>
42
43
<
uses-permission
android:name
="android.permission.INTERNET"
></
uses-permission
>
44
45
</
manifest
>
开发好了就行测试吧
前后对比一下
服务器端：
参考原文：http://m.oschina.net/blog/75407
原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/tanghuian/p/4081082.html
内容总结
以上是互联网集市为您收集整理的【Android笔记】Android与服务器通信 http和socket两种形式全部内容，希望文章能够帮你解决【Android笔记】Android与服务器通信 http和socket两种形式所遇到的程序开发问题。 如果觉得互联网集市技术教程内容还不错，欢迎将互联网集市网站推荐给程序员好友。
内容备注
版权声明：本文内容由互联网用户自发贡献，该文观点与技术仅代表作者本人。本站仅提供信息存储空间服务，不拥有所有权，不承担相关法律责任。如发现本站有涉嫌侵权/违法违规的内容， 请发送邮件至 gblab@vip.qq.com 举报，一经查实，本站将立刻删除。
内容手机端
扫描二维码推送至手机访问。
来源：【匿名】