Core Python | 2 - Core Python: Getting Started | 2.5 - Modularity | 2.5.5 - The Python Execution Mod

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It's important to understand the Python execution model and precisely when function definitions and other important events occur when a module is imported or executed. Here, we show execution of our Python module as it's imported in a graphical debugging environment. We step through the top?level statements in the module. What's important to realize here is that the def used for the fetch_words function isn't merely a declaration. It's actually a statement, which when executed in sequence with the other top?level model scope code, causes the code within the function to be bound to the name of the function. When modules are imported or run, all of the top?level statements are run, and this is the means by which the function within the module namespace are defined. We are sometimes asked about the difference between Python modules, Python scripts, and Python programs. Any .py file constitutes a Python module. But as we've seen, modules can be written for convenient import, convenient execution, or using the if dunder name = dunder main idiom, both. We strongly recommend making even simple scripts importable since it eases development and testing so much if you can access your code from within the REPL. Likewise, even modules, which are only ever meant to be imported in production settings, benefit from having executable test code. For this reason, nearly all modules we create have this form of defining one or more importable functions with a postscript to facilitate execution. Whether you consider a module to be a Python script or Python program is a matter of context and usage. It's certainly wrong to consider Python to be merely a scripting tool, in the vein of Windows batch files or UNIX Shell scripts, as many large and complex applications are built exclusively with python.

• def不仅仅是一个declaration声明，更是一条statement语句。它将其中的python代码于函数名绑定在一起
• 一个py文件就是一个模块，这个模块包含类或函数。你写python，要尽量将代码包装成函数和类，方便各种import
• 一个py文件也可看作是一个脚本，在系统命令行中运行
• python不仅仅是脚本语言，很多大型程序都是用python构建的

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