Elasticsearch编程操作
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内容图文
1.创建工程导入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
<artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
<version>5.6.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
<artifactId>transport</artifactId>
<version>5.6.8</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.logging.log4j/log4j-to-slf4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-to-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>2.13.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.25</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-simple -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
<version>1.7.25</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
2.创建索引
@Test
//创建索引
public void createIndex() throws Exception{
// 创建Client连接对象
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my‐elasticsearch").build();
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddress(
new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));
//创建名称为blog1的索引
client.admin().indices().prepareCreate("blog1").get();
//释放资源
client.close();
}
注意：此时创建的索引是没有mapping映射的
3.创建映射mapping
@Test
//创建映射mapping
public void createMapping() throws Exception {
// 创建Client连接
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my‐elasticsearch").build();
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddress(
new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9300));
// 添加映射
/**
格式：
"mappings" : {
"article" : {
"dynamic" : "false",
"properties" : {
"id" : { "type" : "string" },
"content" : { "type" : "string" },
"author" : { "type" : "string" }
}
}
}
*/
XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
.startObject("article")
.startObject("properties")
.startObject("id")
.field("type", "integer").field("store", "yes")
.endObject()
.startObject("title")
.field("type", "string").field("store", "yes").field("analyzer", "ik_smart")
.endObject()
.startObject("content")
.field("type", "string").field("store", "yes").field("analyzer", "ik_smart")
.endObject()
.endObject()
.endObject()
.endObject();
// 创建映射
PutMappingRequest mapping = Requests.putMappingRequest("blog1")
.type("article").source(builder);
client.admin().indices().putMapping(mapping).get();
//释放资源
client.close();
}
4.建立文档document
4.1 建立文档（通过XContentBuilder）
@Test
//创建文档(通过XContentBuilder)
public void createXContentBuilder() throws Exception{
// 创建Client连接对象
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my‐elasticsearch").build();
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),
9300));
//创建文档信息
XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
.field("id", 1)
.field("title", "ElasticSearch是一个基于Lucene的搜索服务器")
.field("content",
"它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎，基于RESTful web接口。Elasticsearch是用\n" +
"Java开发的，并作为Apache许可条款下的开放源码发布，是当前流行的企业级搜索引擎。设计用于云计算中，能够达到\n" +
"实时搜索，稳定，可靠，快速，安装使用方便。")
.endObject();
// 建立文档对象
/**
* 参数一blog1：表示索引对象
* 参数二article：类型
* 参数三1：建立id
* */
client.prepareIndex("blog1", "article", "1").setSource(builder).get();
//释放资源
client.close();
}
4.2 建立文档（使用Jackson转换实体）
1）创建Article实体
package com.wish.elasticSear;
public class Article {
private Integer id;
private String title;
private String content;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
}
2）导入Jackson的依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.8.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.8.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-annotations -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.8.1</version>
</dependency>
3）代码实现
@Test
//创建文档(通过实体转json)
public void createJson() throws Exception{
// 创建Client连接对象
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my‐elasticsearch").build();
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),
9300));
// 描述json 数据
//{id:xxx, title:xxx, content:xxx}
Article article = new Article();
article.setId(2);
article.setTitle("搜索工作其实很快乐");
article.setContent("我们希望我们的搜索解决方案要快，我们希望有一个零配置和一个完全免费的搜索模式，\n" +
" 我们希望能够简单地使用JSON通过HTTP的索引数据，我们希望我们的搜索服务器始终可用，我们希望能够一台开始并扩\n" +
" 展到数百，我们要实时搜索，我们要简单的多租户，我们希望建立一个云的解决方案。Elasticsearch旨在解决所有这\n" +
" 些问题和更多的问题。");
ObjectMapper objectMapper=new ObjectMapper();
client.prepareIndex(
"blog1","article",article.getId().toString()
).setSource(
objectMapper.writeValueAsString(article).getBytes(),XContentType.JSON
).get();
client.close();
}
5.查询文档操作
5.1关键词查询
@Test
//关键词查询
public void testTermQuery() throws Exception {
//1、创建es客户端连接对象
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my‐elasticsearch").build();
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),
9300));
//2、设置搜索条件
SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("blog1")
.setTypes("article")
.setQuery(QueryBuilders.termQuery("content", "搜索")).get();
//3、遍历搜索结果数据
SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数，查询结果有多少对象
System.out.println("查询结果有：" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
SearchHit searchHit = iterator.next(); // 每个查询对象
System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString()); // 获取字符串格式打印
System.out.println("title:" + searchHit.getSource().get("title"));
}
//4、释放资源
client.close();
}
5.2 字符串查询
@Test
//字符串查询
public void testStringQuery() throws Exception {
//1、创建es客户端连接对象
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my‐elasticsearch").build();
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),
9300));
//2、设置搜索条件
SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("blog1")
.setTypes("article")
.setQuery(QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("搜索")).get();
//3、遍历搜索结果数据
SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数，查询结果有多少对象
System.out.println("查询结果有：" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
SearchHit searchHit = iterator.next(); // 每个查询对象
System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString()); // 获取字符串格式打印
System.out.println("title:" + searchHit.getSource().get("title"));
}
//4、释放资源
client.close();
}
5.3 使用文档ID查询文档
@Test
//使用文档ID查询文档
public void testIdQuery() throws Exception {
//1、创建es客户端连接对象
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my‐elasticsearch").build();
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),
9300));
//client对象为TransportClient对象
SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("blog1")
.setTypes("article")
//设置要查询的id
.setQuery(QueryBuilders.idsQuery().addIds("1"))
//执行查询
.get();
//取查询结果
SearchHits searchHits = response.getHits();
//取查询结果总记录数
System.out.println(searchHits.getTotalHits());
Iterator<SearchHit> hitIterator = searchHits.iterator();
while(hitIterator.hasNext()) {
SearchHit searchHit = hitIterator.next();
//打印整行数据
System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
}
}
6 .查询文档分页操作
1）批量插入数据
@Test
//批量插入50条数据
public void continuousInsertion() throws Exception {
// 创建Client连接对象
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my‐elasticsearch").build();
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
.addTransportAddress(new
InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
for (int i = 1; i <= 50; i++) {
// 描述json 数据
Article article = new Article();
article.setId(i);
article.setTitle(i + "搜索工作其实很快乐");
article.setContent(i
+ "我们希望我们的搜索解决方案要快，我们希望有一个零配置和一个完全免费的搜索模式，我\n" +
" 们希望能够简单地使用JSON通过HTTP的索引数据，我们希望我们的搜索服务器始终可用，我们希望能够一台开始并扩展\n" +
" 到数百，我们要实时搜索，我们要简单的多租户，我们希望建立一个云的解决方案。Elasticsearch旨在解决所有这些\n" +
" 问题和更多的问题。");
// 建立文档
client.prepareIndex("blog1", "article", article.getId().toString())
//.setSource(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(article)).get();
.setSource(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(article).getBytes(), XContentType.JSON).get();
}
//释放资源
client.close();
}
2）分页查询
@Test
//分页查询
public void pagingQuery() throws Exception {
// 创建Client连接对象
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my‐elasticsearch").build();
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));
// 搜索数据
SearchRequestBuilder searchRequestBuilder =
client.prepareSearch("blog1").setTypes("article")
.setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());//默认每页10条记录
// 查询第2页数据，每页20条
//setFrom()：从第几条开始检索，默认是0。
//setSize():每页最多显示的记录数。
searchRequestBuilder.setFrom(0).setSize(5);
SearchResponse searchResponse = searchRequestBuilder.get();
SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数，查询结果有多少对象
System.out.println("查询结果有：" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
SearchHit searchHit = iterator.next(); // 每个查询对象
System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString()); // 获取字符串格式打印
System.out.println("id:" + searchHit.getSource().get("id"));
System.out.println("title:" + searchHit.getSource().get("title"));
System.out.println("content:" + searchHit.getSource().get("content"));
System.out.println("‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐");
}
//释放资源
client.close();
}
7.查询结果高亮操作
1).什么是高亮显示
在进行关键字搜索时，搜索出的内容中的关键字会显示不同的颜色，称之为高亮
2).高亮显示的html分析
3).高亮显示代码实现
@Test
//高亮查询
public void highlightQuery() throws Exception {
// 创建Client连接对象
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my‐elasticsearch").build();
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),
9300));
// 搜索数据
SearchRequestBuilder searchRequestBuilder = client
.prepareSearch("blog1").setTypes("article")
.setQuery(QueryBuilders.termQuery("title", "搜索"));
//设置高亮数据
HighlightBuilder hiBuilder = new HighlightBuilder();
hiBuilder.preTags("<font style='color:red'>");
hiBuilder.postTags("</font>");
hiBuilder.field("title");
searchRequestBuilder.highlighter(hiBuilder);
//获得查询结果数据
SearchResponse searchResponse = searchRequestBuilder.get();
//获取查询结果集
SearchHits searchHits = searchResponse.getHits();
System.out.println("共搜到:" + searchHits.getTotalHits() + "条结果!");
//遍历结果
for (SearchHit hit : searchHits) {
System.out.println("String方式打印文档搜索内容:");
System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
System.out.println("Map方式打印高亮内容");
System.out.println(hit.getHighlightFields());
System.out.println("遍历高亮集合，打印高亮片段:");
Text[] text = hit.getHighlightFields().get("title").getFragments();
for (Text str : text) {
System.out.println(str);
}
}
//释放资源
client.close();
}
内容总结
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