python3+tkinter实现的黑白棋，代码完整 100%能运行
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今天分享给大家的是采用Python3+tkinter制作而成的小项目——黑白棋
tkinter是Python内置的图形化模块，简单易用，一般的小型UI程序可以快速用它实现，具体的tkinter相关知识王老师会在以后开辟专栏单独讲解
我们先来看看这个黑白棋项目吧
一、项目演示
二、代码
完整代码如下，用到的素材（图片等）下载地址为：www.itprojects.cn/detail.html…
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.messagebox import *
import random
root = Tk('黑白棋')
root.title("黑白棋（更多项目实例请访问www.itprojects.cn）")
# 加载图片
imgs = [PhotoImage(file='black.png'), PhotoImage(file='white.png'), PhotoImage(file='board.png'), PhotoImage(file='info2.png')]
def resetBoard(board):
"""重置棋盘"""
for x in range(8):
for y in range(8):
board[x][y] = 'none'
# Starting pieces:
board[3][3] = 'black'
board[3][4] = 'white'
board[4][3] = 'white'
board[4][4] = 'black'
def getNewBoard():
"""开局时建立新棋盘"""
board = []
for i in range(8):
board.append(['none'] * 8)
return board
def isValidMove(board, tile, xstart, ystart):
"""是否是合法走法，如果合法返回需要翻转的棋子列表"""
# 如果该位置已经有棋子或者出界了，返回False
if not isOnBoard(xstart, ystart) or board[xstart][ystart] != 'none':
return False
# 临时将tile 放到指定的位置
board[xstart][ystart] = tile
if tile == 'black':
otherTile = 'white'
else:
otherTile = 'black'
# 要被翻转的棋子
tilesToFlip = []
for xdirection, ydirection in [[0, 1], [1, 1], [1, 0], [1, -1], [0, -1], [-1, -1], [-1, 0], [-1, 1]]:
x, y = xstart, ystart
x += xdirection
y += ydirection
if isOnBoard(x, y) and board[x][y] == otherTile:
x += xdirection
y += ydirection
if not isOnBoard(x, y):
continue
# 一直走到出界或不是对方棋子的位置
while board[x][y] == otherTile:
x += xdirection
y += ydirection
if not isOnBoard(x, y):
break
# 出界了，则没有棋子要翻转OXXXXX
if not isOnBoard(x, y):
continue
# 是自己的棋子OXXXXXXO
if board[x][y] == tile:
while True:
x -= xdirection
y -= ydirection
# 回到了起点则结束
if x == xstart and y == ystart:
break
# 需要翻转的棋子
tilesToFlip.append([x, y])
# 将前面临时放上的棋子去掉，即还原棋盘
board[xstart][ystart] = 'none' # restore the empty space
# 没有要被翻转的棋子，则走法非法。翻转棋的规则。
if len(tilesToFlip) == 0: # If no tiles were flipped, this is not a valid move.
return False
return tilesToFlip
def isOnBoard(x, y):
"""是否出界"""
return x >= 0 and x <= 7 and y >= 0 and y <= 7
def getValidMoves(board, tile):
"""获取可落子的位置"""
validMoves = []
for x in range(8):
for y in range(8):
if isValidMove(board, tile, x, y) != False:
validMoves.append([x, y])
return validMoves
def getScoreOfBoard(board):
"""获取棋盘上黑白双方的棋子数"""
xscore = 0
oscore = 0
for x in range(8):
for y in range(8):
if board[x][y] == 'black':
xscore += 1
if board[x][y] == 'white':
oscore += 1
return {'black': xscore, 'white': oscore}
def whoGoesFirst():
"""决定谁先走"""
if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
return 'computer'
else:
return 'player'
def makeMove(board, tile, xstart, ystart):
"""将一个tile棋子放到(xstart, ystart)"""
tilesToFlip = isValidMove(board, tile, xstart, ystart)
if tilesToFlip == False:
return False
board[xstart][ystart] = tile
for x, y in tilesToFlip: # tilesToFlip是需要翻转的棋子列表
board[x][y] = tile # 翻转棋子
return True
def getBoardCopy(board):
"""复制棋盘"""
dupeBoard = getNewBoard()
for x in range(8):
for y in range(8):
dupeBoard[x][y] = board[x][y]
return dupeBoard
def isOnCorner(x, y):
"""是否在角上"""
return (x == 0 and y == 0) or (x == 7 and y == 0) or (x == 0 and y == 7) or (x == 7 and y == 7)
def getComputerMove(board, computerTile):
"""电脑走法，AI"""
# 获取所以合法走法
possibleMoves = getValidMoves(board, computerTile)
if not possibleMoves: # 如果没有合法走法
print("电脑没有合法走法")
return None
# 打乱所有合法走法
random.shuffle(possibleMoves)
# [x, y]在角上，则优先走，因为角上的不会被再次翻转
for x, y in possibleMoves:
if isOnCorner(x, y):
return [x, y]
bestScore = -1
for x, y in possibleMoves:
dupeBoard = getBoardCopy(board)
makeMove(dupeBoard, computerTile, x, y)
# 按照分数选择走法，优先选择翻转后分数最多的走法
score = getScoreOfBoard(dupeBoard)[computerTile]
if score > bestScore:
bestMove = [x, y]
bestScore = score
return bestMove
def isGameOver(board):
"""是否游戏结束"""
for x in range(8):
for y in range(8):
if board[x][y] == 'none':
return False
return True
def drawQiPan():
"""画棋盘"""
img1 = imgs[2]
cv.create_image((360, 360), image=img1)
cv.pack()
def callback(event):
"""走棋"""
global turn
# print ("clicked at", event.x, event.y,turn)
# x=(event.x)//40 #换算棋盘坐标
# y=(event.y)//40
if (gameOver == False and turn == 'computer'): # 没轮到玩家走棋
return
col = int((event.x - 40) / 80) # 换算棋盘坐标
row = int((event.y - 40) / 80)
if mainBoard[col][row] != "none":
showinfo(title="提示", message="已有棋子")
if makeMove(mainBoard, playerTile, col, row) == True: # 将一个玩家棋子放到(col, row)
if getValidMoves(mainBoard, computerTile) != []:
turn = 'computer'
# 电脑走棋
if getComputerMove(mainBoard, computerTile) == None:
turn = 'player'
showinfo(title="玩家继续", message="玩家继续")
else:
computerGo()
# 重画所有的棋子和棋盘
drawAll()
drawCanGo()
if isGameOver(mainBoard): # 游戏结束，显示双方棋子数量
scorePlayer = getScoreOfBoard(mainBoard)[playerTile]
scoreComputer = getScoreOfBoard(mainBoard)[computerTile]
outputStr = gameoverStr + "玩家:" + str(scorePlayer) + ":" + "电脑:" + str(scoreComputer)
showinfo(title="游戏结束提示", message=outputStr)
def computerGo():
"""电脑走棋"""
global turn
if (gameOver == False and turn == 'computer'):
x, y = getComputerMove(mainBoard, computerTile) # 电脑AI走法
makeMove(mainBoard, computerTile, x, y)
savex, savey = x, y
# 玩家没有可行的走法了，则电脑继续，否则切换到玩家走
if getValidMoves(mainBoard, playerTile) != []:
turn = 'player'
else:
if getValidMoves(mainBoard, computerTile) != []:
showinfo(title="电脑继续", message="电脑继续")
computerGo()
def drawAll():
"""重画所有的棋子和棋盘"""
drawQiPan()
for x in range(8):
for y in range(8):
if mainBoard[x][y] == 'black':
cv.create_image((x * 80 + 80, y * 80 + 80), image=imgs[0])
cv.pack()
elif mainBoard[x][y] == 'white':
cv.create_image((x * 80 + 80, y * 80 + 80), image=imgs[1])
cv.pack()
def drawCanGo():
"""画提示位置"""
list1 = getValidMoves(mainBoard, playerTile)
for m in list1:
x = m[0]
y = m[1]
cv.create_image((x * 80 + 80, y * 80 + 80), image=imgs[3])
cv.pack()
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 初始化
gameOver = False
gameoverStr = 'Game Over Score '
mainBoard = getNewBoard()
resetBoard(mainBoard)
turn = whoGoesFirst()
showinfo(title="游戏开始提示", message=turn + "先走!")
print(turn, "先走!")
if turn == 'player':
playerTile = 'black'
computerTile = 'white'
else:
playerTile = 'white'
computerTile = 'black'
computerGo()
# 设置窗口
cv = Canvas(root, bg='green', width=720, height=780)
# 重画所有的棋子和棋盘
drawAll()
drawCanGo()
cv.bind("<Button-1>", callback)
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()本文首发于python黑洞网,csdn同步跟新
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