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Python搭建简单服务器
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Python动态服务器网页（需要使用WSGI接口），基本实现步骤如下：
1.等待客户端的链接，服务器会收到一个http协议的请求数据报
2.利用正则表达式对这个请求数据报进行解析（请求方式、提取出文件的环境）
3.提取出文件的环境之后，利用截断取片的方法将文件名转化为模块名称
4.使用m = __import__(),就可以得到返回值为m的模块
5.创建一个env字典：其中包含的是请求方式及文件环境等各种的键值对
6.创建一个新的动态脚本，其中定义了application这个函数，必须包含env和start_response的参数（也是服务器里的调用方法）
7.在这个动态脚本中定义状态码status和响应头headers（注意是字典形式，如Content-Type）
8.然后再调用start_response(status,headers)，但是要注意，这个函数在服务器被定义
9.在动态脚本中编写动态执行程序
10.m.appliction的返回值就是回应数据包的body，它的数据头在start_response被整合
11.将数据头与数据body拼接起来，然后发送给客户端，就可显示动态网页
MyWebServer
# coding:utf-8
import socket
import re
import sys
from multiprocessing import Process
from MyWebFramework import Application
# 设置静态文件根目录
HTML_ROOT_DIR = "./html"
WSGI_PYTHON_DIR = "./wsgipython"
class HTTPServer(object):
""""""
def __init__(self, application):
"""构造函数， application指的是框架的app"""
self.server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
self.server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
self.app = application
def start(self):
self.server_socket.listen(128)
while True:
client_socket, client_address = self.server_socket.accept()
#print("[%s,%s]用户连接上了" % (client_address[0],client_address[1]))
print("[%s, %s]用户连接上了" % client_address)
handle_client_process = Process(target=self.handle_client, args=(client_socket,))
handle_client_process.start()
client_socket.close()
def start_response(self, status, headers):
"""
status = "200 OK"
headers = [
("Content-Type", "text/plain")
]
star
"""
response_headers = "HTTP/1.1 " + status + "\r\n"
for header in headers:
response_headers += "%s: %s\r\n" % header
self.response_headers = response_headers
def handle_client(self, client_socket):
"""处理客户端请求"""
# 获取客户端请求数据
request_data = client_socket.recv(1024)
print("request data:", request_data)
request_lines = request_data.splitlines()
for line in request_lines:
print(line)
# 解析请求报文
# 'GET / HTTP/1.1'
request_start_line = request_lines[0]
# 提取用户请求的文件名
print("*" * 10)
print(request_start_line.decode("utf-8"))
file_name = re.match(r"\w+ +(/[^ ]*) ", request_start_line.decode("utf-8")).group(1)
method = re.match(r"(\w+) +/[^ ]* ", request_start_line.decode("utf-8")).group(1)
env = {
"PATH_INFO": file_name,
"METHOD": method
}
response_body = self.app(env, self.start_response)
response = self.response_headers + "\r\n" + response_body
# 向客户端返回响应数据
client_socket.send(bytes(response, "utf-8"))
# 关闭客户端连接
client_socket.close()
def bind(self, port):
self.server_socket.bind(("", port))
def main():
sys.path.insert(1, WSGI_PYTHON_DIR)
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
sys.exit("python MyWebServer.py Module:app")
# python MyWebServer.py MyWebFrameWork:app
module_name, app_name = sys.argv[1].split(":")
# module_name = "MyWebFrameWork"
# app_name = "app"
m = __import__(module_name)
app = getattr(m, app_name)
http_server = HTTPServer(app)
# http_server.set_port
http_server.bind(8000)
http_server.start()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
MyWebFrameWork
# coding:utf-8
import time
# from MyWebServer import HTTPServer
# 设置静态文件根目录
HTML_ROOT_DIR = "./html"
class Application(object):
"""框架的核心部分，也就是框架的主题程序，框架是通用的"""
def __init__(self, urls):
# 设置路由信息
self.urls = urls
def __call__(self, env, start_response):
path = env.get("PATH_INFO", "/")
# /static/index.html
if path.startswith("/static"):
# 要访问静态文件
file_name = path[7:]
# 打开文件，读取内容
try:
file = open(HTML_ROOT_DIR + file_name, "rb")
except IOError:
# 代表未找到路由信息，404错误
status = "404 Not Found"
headers = []
start_response(status, headers)
return "not found"
else:
file_data = file.read()
file.close()
status = "200 OK"
headers = []
start_response(status, headers)
return file_data.decode("utf-8")
for url, handler in self.urls:
#("/ctime", show_ctime)
if path == url:
return handler(env, start_response)
# 代表未找到路由信息，404错误
status = "404 Not Found"
headers = []
start_response(status, headers)
return "not found"
def show_ctime(env, start_response):
status = "200 OK"
headers = [
("Content-Type", "text/plain")
]
start_response(status, headers)
return time.ctime()
def say_hello(env, start_response):
status = "200 OK"
headers = [
("Content-Type", "text/plain")
]
start_response(status, headers)
return "hello itcast"
def say_haha(env, start_response):
status = "200 OK"
headers = [
("Content-Type", "text/plain")
]
start_response(status, headers)
return "hello haha"
urls = [
("/", show_ctime),
("/ctime", show_ctime),
("/sayhello", say_hello),
("/sayhaha", say_haha),
]
app = Application(urls)
# if __name__ == "__main__":
# urls = [
# ("/", show_ctime),
# ("/ctime", show_ctime),
# ("/sayhello", say_hello),
# ("/sayhaha", say_haha),
# ]
# app = Application(urls)
# http_server = HTTPServer(app)
# http_server.bind(8000)
# http_server.start()
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