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python学习笔记入门
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Python学习笔记
1. 循环次数限制
lucky_num = 19
guess_count = 0
while guess_count<3:
print("guess count:",guess_count)
input_num = int(input("Input the guess num:"))
if input_num>lucky_num:
print("the real number is smaller.")
elif input_num<lucky_num:
print("the real num is bigger...")
else:
print("Bingo!")
break
guess_count += 1
else:
print("Too many retrys!")
2. for循环
lucky_num = 19
for i in range(3):
input_num = int(input("Input the guess num:"))
if input_num>lucky_num:
print("the real number is smaller.")
elif input_num<lucky_num:
print("the real num is bigger...")
else:
print("Bingo!")
break
else:
print("Too many retrys!")
3. %号表示【】
name = input("name:")
age = input("age:")
job = input("job:")
print("Information of %s:\nName:%s\nAge:%s\nJob:%s" %(name,name,age,job))
不建议使用+,占空间
三个单引号注释
在使用pycharm时,经常会需要多行代码同时缩进、左移,pycharm提供了快捷方式
1、pycharm使多行代码同时缩进
鼠标选中多行代码后,按下Tab键,一次缩进四个字符
2、pycharm使多行代码同时左移
鼠标选中多行代码后,同时按住shift+Tab键,一次左移四个字符
实例:
name = input("name:")
age = input("age:")
job = input("job:")
msg = '''
Information of %s:
Name:%s
Age:%s
Job:%s
''' %(name,name,age,job)
print(msg)
Strip()脱
Append追加''clear'清除空间, 'copy'复制, ' count() 方法用于统计字符串里某个字符出现的次数。可选参数为在字符串搜索的开始与结束位置。
', 'extend 函数用于在列表末尾一次性追加另一个序列中的多个值(用新列表扩展原来的列表)。
', 'index'索引, 'insert 函数用于将指定对象插入列表的指定位置。
', 'pop' 函数用于移除列表中的一个元素(默认最后一个元素),并且返回该元素的值。
, 'remove' 函数用于移除列表中某个值的第一个匹配项。
, 'reverse函数用于反向列表中元素。
', 'sort函数用于对原列表进行排序,如果指定参数,则使用比较函数指定的比较函数。
'实例:
name_list = ["alex","65brother","tenglan"]
name_list.append("ERIC")
name_list.insert(2,"66brother")
name1 = name_list[3]
print(name1)
print(dir(name_list))
print(name_list.index("65brother"))
print(name_list.count("65brother"))
print(name_list[2])
print(name_list.pop())
print(name_list.reverse())
name_list.append("*")
实例2:
name_list = [1,2,3,4,"Alex","John"]
a = name_list
name_list2 = ["Kevin","Mike"]
b = name_list2
a.extend(b)
name = "Nebula"
a.extend(name)
print(a)
4. 元组
5. 运算符
+,%余数,**返回x的y次幂,//返回商的整数部分
&,与;|,或;^,异或,一真一假即为真;<<左移除2;>>右移×2
实例:
a = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
b = (1,2,3,4)
print(type(a))
print(type(b))
6. 嵌套循环
for j in range(5):
for i in range(10):
if i<5:
continue
if j>3:
break
print(i)
7. 文件读写
'''f = open("test.log","w")
f.write("This is the first line\n")
f.write("This is the second line\n")
f.write("This is the third line\n")
f.write("This is the fourth line\n")
'''
f = open("test.log","r")
print(f.read())
f.close()
f = open("test.log","r")
for line in f:
print(line)
f.close()
Tips:Write直接覆盖原来文件
写读实例:
f = open("test.log","w+")
f.write("new line\n")
print(f.readline())
print("data:",)
f.close()
8. 字典
9. 不同种类的Python
(1)Cpython,C解释器,.pyc(字节码) 机器码 CPU
(2)jpython,java解释器,java字节码 机器码 CPU
(3)ironpython. C#
sys.argv:是一种列表类型,用于获取命令行参数的列表。
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